A bubalinocultura é uma atividade de inclinação crescente no Brasil, destacando o leite de búfala que difere dos demais leites por conter maiores teores de nutrientes dentre outros. O estudo objetivou desenvolver e analisar leites fermentados elaborados a partir do leite de búfala (LB) com a adição de abacaxi em calda, em diferentes proporções em relação ao leite de vaca (LV) (formulação P com 100% LV, F1 com 50% LB/50% LV, e F2 com 100% LB). As formulações foram submetidas a análises microbiológicas (coliformes a 45°C e Salmonella sp.), análises físico-químicas (pH, acidez em ácido lático, cinzas, gordura, proteínas, umidade e carboidratos por diferença) e análise sensorial por meio de testes afetivos com 120 indivíduos. As análises físico-químicas e sensoriais foram submetidas a análise de variância (ANOVA) seguida do teste de Tukey (p≤0,05). Todas as formulações estiveram dentro dos padrões microbiológicos exigidos pela legislação. Os valores de pH para todas as amostras variaram de 4,1 a 4,3 sem diferença de acidez. A F2 apresentou maior percentual de gordura e proteína. Para teor de cinzas e umidade não houve diferença entre as formulações e as formulações P e F1 apresentaram maior teor de carboidratos. A F2 apresentou bom índice de aceitabilidade para todos os atributos na análise sensorial, sendo a amostra preferida. O leite de búfala fermentado com a adição de abacaxi em calda torna-se uma alternativa viável de produto para a indústria láctea do ponto de vista sensorial/afetivo, nutricional e econômico.

Stress was interpreted as a nonspecific reaction of the organism to a situation that would threaten its homeostasis. Several factors in the modern world can be related to this condition: the search for a perfect body, the labor market dispute or the pressure to conquer everything as fast as possible. Associated with these factors, one can add the intense, naturally stressful, routine in which man is inserted. At the experimental level, several effects are observed at a systemic and behavioral level in rats that have been submitted to food restriction models, finding that the gastrointestinal system is quite vulnerable to stress in general. In specific cases of food stress, it was observed that the manifestations vary according to the life stage of the animal and the applied model. In this sense, the present research aims to evaluate the influence of food restriction on the intestinal tunica morphology of rats submitted to a chronic food stress model. For this, 27 animals were divided into control (n = 11) and test (n = 16) groups. From the 60 th day of life, the test group was submitted to four stages, each one being performed in one day: 1) palatable diet; 2) visual stimulation to the diet, but without access; 3) fasting; 4) standard diet of the biotery. The four steps were repeated until the animals completed 90 days. In the morphometry of the duodenum were analyzed: length, width and area of vill, as well as area of intestinal gland (Lieberkühn). Statistical inference of data showed that the applied stress model affected the morphology of the stressed group, since the intestinal villi appeared wider and with less area in this group. The villi length as well as the intestinal gland area did not undergo morphological changes. The alterations found reinforce that the fasting process acts as a stressor and a predisposing factor for morphological alterations, as observed in other studies in our laboratory. However, there are not many studies in the literature that allow the knowledge of the consequences of this type of stress. In this case, further research is needed on the relationship between the gastrointestinal tract and the experimental model applied to elucidate such findings.