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The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of rosmarinic acid (RA) and caffeic acid (CA) in the acute pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) and pilocarpine (PIL) seizure models. We also evaluated the effect of RA and CA on the diazepam (DZP)-induced sleeping time test and its possible neuroprotective effect against the genotoxic damage induced by PTZ and PIL. Mice were treated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with saline, RA (2 or 4 mg/kg), or CA (4 or 8 mg/kg) alone or associated to low-dose DZP. After, mice received a single dose of PTZ (88 mg/kg) or PIL (250 mg/kg) and were monitored for the percentage of seizures and the latency to first seizure (LFS) >3 s. Vigabatrin and DZP were used as positive controls. In the DZP-induced sleeping time test, mice were treated with RA and CA and 30 min after receiving DZP (25 mg/kg, i.p.). The alkaline comet assay was performed after acute seizure tests to evaluate the antigenotoxic profiles of RA and CA. The doses of RA and CA tested alone did not reduce the occurrence of seizures induced by PTZ or PIL. The association of 4 mg/kg RA + low-dose DZP was shown to increase LFS in the PTZ model, compared to the group that received only the DZP. In the DZP-induced sleeping time test, the latency to sleep was reduced by 4 mg/kg RA and 8 mg/kg CA. The PTZ-induced genotoxic damage was not prevented by RA or CA, but the PIL-induced genotoxic damage was decreased by pretreatment with 4 mg/kg RA (in cortex) and 4 mg/kg CA (in hippocampus). In conclusion, RA and CA presented neuroprotective effect against PIL-induced genotoxic damage and reduced the latency to DZP-induced sleep. Of the rosmarinic acid, 4 mg/kg enhanced the DZP effect in the increase of latency to clonic PTZ-induced seizures.

Garcinielliptone FC (GFC) is a polyisoprenylated benzophenone isolated from Platonia insignis Mart (Clusiaceae) with promising anticonvulsant properties. However, its safe use and other effects on the central nervous system require assessment. This study assessed the toxicological effects of GFC using the comet assay and the micronucleus test in mice treated for 28 days. A behavioural model was employed to detect possible injuries on the central nervous system. Mice treated with GFC (2, 10 and 20 mg/kg; i.p.) daily for 28 days were submitted to rotarod test, open-field test and tail suspension test (TST). After the behaviour tasks, biological samples were assessed to evaluate genotoxic and mutagenic effects using the comet assay and the micronucleus test. Garcinielliptone FC did not impair the performance of the animals in the rotarod and open-field tests, with no antidepressant-like effect in TST. No genotoxic effects in blood and cerebral cortex were observable in the comet assay; however, there was a significant increase in index and frequency of damage in liver after treatment with GFC 20 mg/kg. Garcinielliptone FC did not increase micronucleus frequency in bone marrow. At the tested doses, GFC was not toxic to the CNS and did not induce genotoxic damage to blood or bone narrow cells. DNA damage to liver tissue was caused only by the highest dose, although no mutagenic potential was observed.

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Introdução: as cirurgias cardíacas são descritas como intervenções complexas exigem tratamento adequado em todas fases operatórias. Objetivo geral: realizar uma revisão da literatura para investigar a conduta do profissional de enfermagem no pós-operatório imediato no transplante cardíaco. Metodologia: para o desenvolvimento deste estudo foi realizada uma revisão da sistemática a com uma abordagem qualitativa, optando-se apenas por publicações com menos de 5 anos indexadas nas revistas na área de saúde. Resultado: as principais complicações mais comuns que os pacientes em pós-operatório por transplante cardíaco podem enfrentar em seu tempo de internação são, dor, dificuldade na troca de gases, débito cardíaco diminuído e risco para desequilíbrio de volume de líquido, arritmia cardíaca, instabilidade hemodinâmica e hipotermia. As apresentações pulmonares podem ser atelectasias, pneumonias, episódio de hipoxemia e a síndrome da angústia respiratória aguda. Portanto, o enfermeiro é extremamente importante, pois o profissional atua na avaliação hemodinâmica, avaliação da função renal e balanço hídrico; prevenção de infecções; detecção e tratamento de rejeição e garantir o suprimento adequado de nutrientes, além de fornecer recursos humanos e materiais. Sendo responsável por cuidar, controlar e observar o paciente, levando em consideração a complexidade da cirurgia.