RESUMO:O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar parâmetros genéticos de frutos, sementes e plântulas de Jatropha ribifolia (Pohl) Baill., subsidiando futuros programas de melhoramento e conservação genética. Foram selecionadas 20 matrizes da espécie e os frutos coletados em área de Caatinga, no Município de Jequié -BA / Brasil. Para descrição morfológica foram observadas características de 50 frutos e 50 sementes. Para germinação foi utilizado o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com 20 tratamentos (progênie) e três repetições de 20 sementes. O fruto de J. ribifolia é seco, cápsula loculicida e septicida, endocarpo lenhoso e deiscência explosiva (autocórica). A semente é oval, endospérmica, de testa lisa, com diferentes colorações e carúncula presa na parte ventral. O hilo é visível e a rafe bem marcada longitudinalmente. A germinação é hipógea-criptocotiledonar. O tempo médio para germinação foi de 10 a 40 dias. As matrizes de J. ribifolia estudadas apresentaram variabilidade genética significativa para a maioria dos caracteres estudados.Palavras-chave: plantas medicinais, semi-árido, germoplasma, traços ABSTRACT: Genetic parameters of fruits, seeds and seedlings of Jatropha ribifolia (Pohl) Baill. (Euphorbiaceae). The aim of this study was to estimate genetic parameters of fruits, seeds and seedlings of Jatropha ribifolia (Pohl) Baill, subsidizing future breeding and genetic conservation programs. Twenty matrices of the species and the fruits collected in the Caatinga area in the city of Jequié -BA / Brazil were selected. For morphological description, the features of 50 fruits and 50 seeds were observed. For germination, completely randomized design was used with 20 treatments (progeny) and three replicates of 20 seeds. J. ribifolia fruit is dry and has loculicidal and septicidal capsule, woody endocarp and explosive dehiscence (autochory). The seed is oval, endospermic and has smooth testa and different colors, with caruncle attached to the ventral part. The hilum is visible and the raphe is longitudinally marked. Germination is hypogealcryptocotylar. The average time for germination was from 10 to 40 days. The matrices of J. ribifolia showed significant genetic variability for most of the studied traits.
Sunki Mandarin [Citrus sunki (Hayata) hort. ex Tanaka] is a type of micromandarin from South China largely used as a rootstock in Brazil. Cleopatra mandarin (Citrus reshni hort. ex. Tanaka) is a well-formed tree, ornamental, with red-orange fruits. The main objective of this work was to analyze the chemical composition of the essential oil in leaves of accessions of Sunki and Cleopatra mandarins and hybrids. The essential oils were obtained from the leaves by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus and analyzed by gas chromatography/flame ionization detector (GC/FID) and GC/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The oil yields ranged from 1.27% (BCG562 -Hybrid of 'Sunki' C12080) to 0.33% (BCG564 -Sunki from Florida) (dry weight basis), and fifty-five constituents were detected. The major constituents were β-pinene (2.5-49.9%), limonene (0-49.0%), sabinene (0.5-35.2%), linalool (0.7-27.3%), thymol methyl ether (0-22.3%), p-cymene (0.2-21.2%), γ-terpinene (0-15.1%), 1.8-cineole (0-11.0%), terpinen-4-ol (0.5-9.4%), (E)-β-ocimene (0.6-6.4%), α-pinene (1.1-4.4%), (E)-nerolidol (1.0-3.2%), α-terpineol (0.4-3.0%) and myrcene (0.7-2.4%).
A seleção de gametófitos que respondem a determinados tratamentos de forma diferenciada é de grande importância em programas de melhoramento vegetal. Portanto, foi objetivo deste trabalho avaliar o efeito do estresse salino sob a taxa de viabilidade polínica em mamona (R. comunnis L.). Foram coletadas 300 flores de 60 plantas espontâneas, previamente selecionadas com base em seu aspecto fitossanitário, a partir de duas populações obtidas no município de Jequié -BA. Para seleção in vitro foram testados 5 meios de cultura com diferentes concentrações de NaCl, quais sejam: M1 = 0; M2 = 25; M3 = 50; M4= 75 e M5 = 100 (mM). Foram observadas variações na taxa de germinação dos grãos de pólen, tanto para uma, quanto para outra população. Para todas as plantas de cada uma das populações estudadas, a taxa de germinação de pólen foi maior no meio de cultura contendo 0mM de NaCl, o que significa que o sal influência esta característica.UNITERMOS -Polén, Germinação, Fator Estressante, NaCl. IN VITRO SELECTION OF CASTOR BEAN TO SALT STRESS RESISTANCE: FOCUS ON SPONTANEOUS PLANTS ABSTRACTThe gametophytic selection that reacts to certain treatments in a differentiated manner is of great importance in plant breeding programs. The objective of this work was to evaluate the saline stress effect under the viability pollinic rate in castor oil plant (R. comunnis L.). Three hundred flowers of 60 spontaneous plants were collected, previously selected based on their phytosanitary aspect, from two populations obtained in the city of Jequié -BA. For in vitroselection 5 culture medium were tested with different NaCl concentrations, which were M1 = 0; M2 = 25; M3 = 50; 75 M4= and M5 = 100 (mM). Variations were observed in the pollen grains germination rate, for both populations. All plants of each studied populations hadpollen germination rate higher in the culture medium containing 0mM of NaCl, which means that the salt influences this characteristic.
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