Structural and functional tests are essential for detecting and monitoring glaucomatous damage. However, the correlations between structural and functional tests in glaucoma are complex and faulty, with the combination of both modalities being recommended for better assessment of glaucoma. The objective of this review is to explore investigations from the last 5 years in the field of structure-function correlation in glaucoma that contributed to increment in the understanding of this correlation and have the potential to improve the diagnosis and detection of glaucoma progression.
Background/AimsTo determine the effect of glaucoma on outer retinal layer thickness in eyes with horizontal hemifield visual field (VF) defects.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study in glaucomatous eyes with repeatable (in three or examinations) horizontal hemifield VF (programme 24–2) defect defined as: all five nasal VF locations immediately either above or below the horizontal midline abnormal in the pattern deviation plot with p<0.5%; no mirror-image adjacent 5 VF locations abnormal in the pattern deviation plot and no non-edge VF locations in the non-affected hemifield abnormal in the pattern deviation plot with p<1%. We used optical coherence tomography to measure thickness of each retinal layer in the temporal macula (12° horizontally and 24° vertically) and computed the absolute (µm) and relative (%) intraindividual asymmetry between the perimetrically normal and abnormal hemimacula.ResultsWe included 10 eyes of 8 patients with median age of 67 years and median VF mean deviation of −8.85 dB. The nerve fibre, ganglion cell and inner plexiform layers were significantly thinner in the perimetrically abnormal hemimacula (median asymmetry of –6.4, –11.5 and −3.8 µm, (corresponding to –27.7, –40.5 and −15.7 %), respectively, all p≤0.01). The inner nuclear layer was slightly thicker in the perimetrically abnormal hemimacula (median asymmetry of 1.3 µm (5.0 %), p=0.01). The outer plexiform, outer nuclear and photoreceptor layers asymmetry values were negligible.ConclusionOur study showed no evidence that glaucoma has an effect on the outer retinal layer thickness. In contrast, a large impact was observed in inner layer thickness.
Objetivo: Rastrear a frequência de comportamentos sugestivos de transtornos alimentares em amostra de alunos de cursos pré-selecionados por sorteio da Universidade Positivo e com isso comparar a prevalência desses distúrbios alimentares entre os cursos selecionados e entre homens e mulheres, e confrontar com dados da literatura mundial. Métodos: Este é um estudo transversal no qual foram aplicadas as auto-escalas Bite (Teste de investigação Bulímica de Edimburgh) e EAT-26 (Teste de Atitudes Alimentares) em 463 universitários dos cursos da área de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde da Universidade Positivo, pré-selecionados através de sorteio. Resultados: De acordo com a auto-escala EAT-26, 23 alunos (5%) apresentaram possíveis transtornos de alimentação, com predominância significativa do sexo feminino. E, segundo a auto-escala BITE, 17 estudantes (4%) apresentaram um escore compatível com bulimia nervosa. Encontramos ainda, através da escala BITE-gravidade, 6 alunos (1%) com alto grau de gravidade e 33 alunos (7,3%) com escore sugestivo de estado clínico comprometido. Conclusões: Este estudo mostra uma frequência de transtornos alimentares na população estudada, assim como comportamentos alimentares inadequados, principalmente no sexo feminino, semelhante à encontrada na literatura. Concluímos que esses achados são relevantes para a clínica da faixa etária em estudo e que podem proporcionar o desenvolvimento de medidas assistenciais para portadores de transtornos alimentares, bem como futuros trabalhos em que poderemos compreender melhor os fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de distúrbios da alimentação.
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