Conversion efficiency as high as 80–100% and 50% selectivity for camphene and limonene was achieved with low production of polymeric byproducts (18–28%), using a new magnetically recyclable catalyst – SPION-Nb30@HPW.

This overview describes the synthesis, characterization, and application of different carbon dots hybrid nanostructures obtained by chemical interaction between nanomaterials or nanomaterials bonded to another material, i.e. silicon (SiO2/Carbon dots-N), reduced graphene oxide (rGO/Carbon dots), multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs/Carbon dots), nano magnetite (Carbon dots/Fe3O4), reduced graphene oxide and gold nanoparticles (rGO/Carbon dots/AuNPs), copper oxide (CuO/Carbon dots), and Carbon dots/Metallic NPs that were employed in the development of electrochemical (bio)sensors. The formation of different carbon dots hybrid nanostructures has been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and electrochemical techniques. These carbon dots hybrid nanostructures have been used to modify the surface of glassy carbon and screen-printed electrodes and to determine various analytes, i.e., dopamine, uric acid, paracetamol, ephynefrin, dihydroxybenzenes, pesticides, endocrine disruptors, NADH, and other substances in real samples.

A step-like conformation about the pyranyl ring is found for the mol­ecular structure of the title compound. The three-dimensional packing is sustained by π–π, C—Cl⋯π and C—H⋯O inter­actions.

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The use of ionic liquid (IL) in Tandem Knoevenagel/Diels‐Alder Reaction is an optimization method for one‐pot procedures, providing great results under mild conditions. In this paper, four new Lapachone derivatives were obtained using lawsone as substrate. The effects of the catalytic use of ionic liquids and catalysts in organometallic systems were evaluated. Several lapachone derivatives were obtained good to excellent yields.