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Vibration-based energy harvesting with piezoelectric elements has an increasing importance nowadays being related to numerous potential applications. A wide range of nonlinear effects is observed in energy harvesting devices and the analysis of the power generated suggests that they have considerable influence on the results. Linear constitutive models for piezoelectric materials can provide inconsistencies on the prediction of the power output of the energy harvester, mainly close to resonant conditions. This paper investigates the effect of the nonlinear behavior of the piezoelectric coupling. A one-degree of freedom mechanical system is coupled to an electrical circuit by a piezoelectric element and different coupling models are investigated. Experimental tests available in the literature are employed as a reference establishing the best matches of the models. Subsequently, numerical simulations are carried out showing different responses of the system indicating that nonlinear piezoelectric couplings can strongly modify the system dynamics.

Vibration-based energy harvesting has received great attention over the last years. The evaluation of the power output of the energy harvesters for different excitation frequencies and amplitudes of vibration has an important role in the design of the devices. In this regard, a wide range of nonlinear effects is observed having considerable influence on the generated power. The main goal of this contribution is to investigate the effect of the piezoelectric hysteretic behavior on the vibration-based energy harvesters. An archetypal model is employed to this aim by considering a one-degree-of-freedom mechanical system coupled to an electrical circuit by a piezoelectric element. Different hysteretic behaviors are investigated by considering the Bouc–Wen model. Numerical simulations are carried out establishing a comparison among hysteretic, nonlinear, and linear piezoelectric behaviors showing their influence on system dynamics.

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