Paper aims: This research aims to analyze the primary studies published in recent years focusing on defect detection or classification in manufacturing and extract information about frequently used data mining (DM) methods, their accuracy, strengths, and limitations.Originality: Industrial production is now undergoing a dynamic transformation in the context of Industry 4.0, where implementation of data mining is a frequently discussed topic, and such an overall summary is missing.Research method: In this study, the PRISMA-driven systematic literature review is combined with the approach defined by Kitchenham (2004).
Main findings:The most frequently used data mining methods for defect detection are Bayesian network (BN) and Support vector machine (SVM). Besides previously mentioned methods, the Decision trees (DT) and Clustering are often used for defect classification. Neural Networks (NN) use is common for both defect detection and classification. DT, together with the Genetic algorithm (GA) and SVM, achieved the highest average accuracy. Recently, authors often combine different DM methods, and also methods for data dimensionality reduction are often used.
Implications for theory and practice:This study contributes to the quality management literature by extending a summary of recently used DM methods for defect detection and classification. This summary can help researchers choose a suitable method and build models for achieving its research purpose.
IntroductionThe rise in the capabilities of mobile devices and the associated increase in the proportion of time we spend on them has not only positive benefits but also several risks, including mobile phone addiction and its consequences. The complex mechanisms of the impact of this addiction on mental health, especially in a cross-cultural context, however, remain relatively unknown. The aim of this cross-cultural study was to investigate the mediating role of rumination on the association between mobile phone addiction and perceived stress.MethodsA population of 358 Chinese and 282 Czech university students was tested using a battery of validated psychological tests that included a short version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale, the Ruminative Response Scale, and the Perceived Stress Scale.ResultsThe results showed significant cross-cultural differences with Czech students manifesting greater rumination (d = 0.79) and perceived stress (d = 0.42) and Chinese students showing greater mobile phone addiction (d = 1.01). Mediation analyses showed that the effect of mobile phone addiction on stress levels was mediated through the rumination in both populations (45.6% and 80.9% of the explained variance for Chinese and Czech students, respectively) and did not differ between the two countries (estimate of difference [95%CI] = −0.052[−0.166, 0.037], p = 0.27). In contrast, the significant direct effect of mobile phone addiction on perceived stress was only present in Chinese students, where it was marginally larger than the indirect effect. In Czech students, the direct effect was not manifested and the difference between countries was significant (estimate of difference [95%CI] = 0.242 [0.035, 0.413], p < 0.001). In all of the cases, the association between the variables was positive, i.e., as one grew, so did the other. Finally, a moderated-mediation analysis confirmed that country of origin significantly moderated only the direct relationship between mobile phone dependence and perceived stress (p = 0.002).DiscussionThese results suggest that the mechanism of interaction between excessive mobile phone use and perceived stress is culturally conditioned, which may limit the transferability of research findings in a global context and requires further cross-cultural studies.
Formativní hodnocení je aktuálně často diskutovaným hodnoticím přístupem, který může vést ke zvýšení kvality výsledků žáků v přírodovědných předmětech. ASSIST-ME byl evropský projekt, jehož hlavním cílem bylo pomoci efektivní implementaci formativního a sumativního hodnocení do badatelsky orientovaného vyučování přírodovědných předmětů a matematiky na základní a střední škole v různých evropských vzdělávacích prostředích a také ověřit připravenost současných a budoucích pedagogů k využití formativního hodnocení ve výuce.Tento příspěvek prezentuje výsledky sondy zjišťující zkušenosti žáků vybraných základních škol a nižšího cyklu víceletých gymnázií v Jihočeském kraji s různými hodnoticími metodami při výuce přírodopisu a biologie. Důraz byl také kladen na znalost a osobní zkušenost žáků s formativním hodnocením. Celkem byla dotazníkovým šetřením získána data od 1 848 respondentů. Bylo zjištěno, že na vybraných školách převládá zejména sumativní hodnocení, které však samotní žáci shledávají jako vyhovující způsob hodnocení a preferují jeho upřednostnění před jinými hodnoticími způsoby. Žáci shodně uvedli, že jsou převážně zkoušeni písemnou formou, v níž se učitelé zaměřují zejména na jejich znalost obsahu. Zhruba polovina respondentů měla osobní zkušenost s formativním hodnocením.
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