Sven Ove Hansson: The Ethics of Risk. Ethical Analysis in an Uncertain World. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013, 172 pp.

Tremendous progress has been made in industry including artificial intelligence, robotics and 4th generation of industry. People in most countries work smarter, hard work is supplied by machines and automatics do constantly repeated operations. Modern technology has made work smarter, quicker and more precise than human works. But there are still many problems to tackle. Tension on effective work is much than higher. Companies prioritize well educated people. The value of the company is measured not only by the level of financial capital, either intellectual capital is also rated. There are economic reasons for prioritizing effectivity in industrial development, and intellectual capital increasing level of effectivity. On the other hand, there are some arguments for prioritizing social and ethical responsibility. Economic growth could not be the only reason for development in business. In addition, involvement in corruption scandals and environmental accidents can severely damage the reputation of a company. Innovation in management is needed. Some results of investigations in that area suggested that ethical leadership could gain negative consequences of human behavior. Finally, it has been found that the development in ethical leadership could bring the benefits for employee and employers and can increase level of productivity and thus profits of companies. The main aim of the article is to describe an investigation of ethical leadership influence on companies.

KLIMSZA, Lucjan. The Problem of a Person in the Philosophy of Józef Tischner (The Encounter of Slavonic Tradition and Western Philosophical Tradition). The main aim of the article is to discuss the philosophical problem of man in works of Józef Tischner, who was a Polish Catholic priest, a theologian and a philosopher. His philosophy follows the Slavonic philosophical tradition of his professor Roman Ingarden. He was also the author of many philosophical books, which interconnect Slavonic philosophy with Western philosophical tradition. Most of them have been dedicated to the problem of ethics and axiology. He developed Levinas' idea that ethics must become the first philosophy ever. For many reasons, he thought ethics must predate ontology. Firstly, this idea was inspired by a traumatic experience with the Holocaust during the Second World War. Secondly, he believed that every epistemological experience is at the same time an axiological experience. They represent a different way of expressing the same experience with the nature of the world. The meaning of axiology lies in the fact that the axiological experience is the experience of a particular person, that is, a person. Abstrakt: KLIMSZA, Lucjan. Problém osoby vo filozofii Józefa Tischnera (Stretnutie slovanskej tradície s tradíciou západnej filozofie). Zámerom predkladaného článku je popis filozofického problému človeka v diele Józefa Tischnera. Józef Tischner bol katolickým kňazom, teológom a filozofom. Jeho myslenie vychádza zo slovanskej filozofie jeho učiteľa Romana Ingardena. Bol taktiež autorom mnohých teologických a filozofických diel, ktoré môžu byť spojivom východnej a západnej filosofickej tradície. Prevažná väčšina z nich bola venovaná problematike etiky a axiológie. Nadviazal na dielo Emmanuela Lévinase -tvrdil, že etika musí byť prvou filozofiou. Podľa neho existuje niekoľko dôvodov prečo má etika predchádzať ontológii. Prvým dôvodom bola traumatická skúsenosť holokaustu cez druhú svetovú vojnu. Druhým dôvodom pre toto tvrdenie je fakt, že každá epistemologická skúsenosť je zároveň axiologickou skúsenosťou. Obidve popisujú odlišným spôsobom rovnakú prirodzenosť sveta. Význam axiológie spočíva však v tom, že axiologická skúsenosť je skúsenosťou konkrétneho človeka, teda osoby. Lucjan Klimsza | 148 | ••• KONŠTANTÍNOVE LISTY 11 / 1 (2018), pp. 147 -158 Úvod Mezi nejvýznamnější představitele polské filozofie a teologie dvacátého století patří Józef Tischner. Tento myslitel je v českém filozofickém a teologickém prostředí velice málo známý. A to je veliká škoda, neboť myšlenkové bohatství, které po sobě zanechal, se řadí svým významem mezi taková jména polské filozofie jako Roman Ingarden, Władysław Tatarkiewicz, Alfred Tarski, Józef Maria Bocheński. Tischnerův odkaz je velice důležitý nejen pro filozofii, ale také pro teologii. V teologii rozvinul hermeneutiku biblických textů. Ve filozofii svým fenomelogickým myšlením navázal na odkaz svého učitele Romana Ingardena na poli axiologie a dále jej rozvíjel. Současný polský historik filozofie Tadeusz G...

In this article, the author outlines the problem of unity from the perspective of postmodern philosophy. Basically, unity of the human being is one of the most important problems of philosophy. Ancient philosophers identified human being as identical with citizenship. Man as a citizen of Athens was able to prove his citizenship of Athens by pointing to his ownership of family tombs and fireplace. Medieval philosophy continued the ancient idea but added one new aspect, hope. A medieval man was a citizen of the empire, but at the same time he or she was a citizen of Kingdom of Heaven. He or she was a pilgrim who travelled to God. Modern philosophy develops unity in an absolutely different way of thinking. First, what we have to know is that unity is a problem. Second, if we would like to solve this problem, it is absolutely necessary to use a new terminology. In this article I emphasize like to highlight the phenomenon of identity through an analysis that the Polish sociologist Zygmunt Bauman did in the past three decades. He divided a modern man into two categories. First, Bauman characterized a modern man as a global, very rich and well educated and can invest capital in all countries of the world. The second type is a local. He is a type of modern man who is not necessarily poor, but who is bound to only one place where he resides. The problem of the locals is that they cannot freely travel and invest in their own capital. Locals live in one place, they have not enough power to influence local politics, economy, infrastructure, religions. Globals are able to influence the local community by means of politics, economy, social structures, and religion. Zygmunt Bauman describes the identity of modern man as a tension between locals and globals.

12This article is one of the results of an interdisciplinary research project between the Department of Civic Education, University of Ostrava and Department of Economics, VŠB -Technical University of Ostrava. The main goal of this research project is the description of relations between society and ethical codes in companies. The initial phase of the project is focused on the banking sector, because we assume that in this sector is the code of ethics mostly used. The aim of this article is analyzing the banking sector in the Czech Republic, its history and present, ownership structure and identifying bank leaders in the Czech Republic, its ethical codes and consistency with cultural values. The final analysis focusses on economic efficiency and the ethical content analysis of selected entities.