Background: Burns is a type of trauma that requires treatment and rehabilitation, which is still difficult and requires perseverance, a high amount of costs, and trained and skilled personnel. Morbidity and mortality of burns are relatively high, especially in developing countries where burn prevention and treatment systems are inadequate. The prevalence of burns is expected to be an advantage for the development of science in further research and could help clinicians prevent and curative burn care efforts. Method: The study subjects were burned patients examined and hospitalized at Dr. Kariadi General Hospital, Semarang. Data from each sample's clinical examination results were then collected to be described based on gender, age, burns degree criteria, and etiology of burns. Results: The total sample obtained was 72 samples, including 61 patients (85.53%) with new burns and 11 non-emergency patients (14.47%). From a total of 61 new burn patients, eight female patients (13.11%) and 53 male patients (86.89%) were obtained; 10 patients (16.40%) were children (0-18 years), 50 (81.96%)were adults (18-65), and one patient (1.64%) belonged to geriatric (> 65 years) ); based on the degree of the burns, seven patients (11.48%) had a moderate degree and 54 patients (88.52%) had a severe degree; there were 28 patients (45.90%) who suffered burns caused by fire, 20 patients (32.79%) due to electricity, six patients (9.84%) caused by scald, and seven patients (11.47 %) with an unknown cause. Of the 61 new burn patients, there were five patients (8.20%) who died. Conclusion: Burn prevalence in Dr. Kariadi General Hospital, Semarang in 2012-2014 are mostly experienced by men, adults, with severe burn criteria, with the most common etiology is fire.

Hypermetabolic conditions with nutrition deficiencies are common in patients with extensive burns. Balanced nutrition status is required to achieve adequate wound healing. Mental disorder, which tended to make a patient uncooperative, complicates the management. We report the case of a 35-year-old man with schizophrenia who suffered full- and partial-thickness burns in approximately 38% of total body surface area due to attempted suicide. The patient was hospitalized for 66 days and underwent multiple surgeries. His body mass index (BMI) was continuously low. Tissue injuries provoked inflammatory responses that contributed to metabolic disarrangement, meanwhile the presence of psychiatric disorder complicated the means of nutrition assessment and therapy needed to compensate for the high nutrition demand during the treatment period. Nutrition support should be assessed and adjusted continuously.

BACKGROUND:Burn injury is one of the serious public health problems. Many of burn patients end up with experiencing disability (morbidity). Meanwhile, the epidemiology of burn patients in eastern part of Indonesia is rarely reported. AIM:We aimed to investigate the sociodemographic characteristic of burn patients in Sanglah General Hospital as the center referral hospital for eastern part of Indonesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Viable data were collected from burn patients admitted to Burn Center of Sanglah Hospital between January 2014 and December 2018. A cross-sectional study design was used with statistical analysis which was performed using IBM Statistics 23 for Windows. RESULTS:A total of 725 subjects were involved in this study. Subjects were divided into two groups of emergency (n = 607, 83.72%) and non-emergency (n = 118, 17.28%). There were 525 (72.4%) burn subjects who were ≥17 years old with combustion caused by flame as the most common case (n = 264, 56.9%), whereas 200 (27.6%) subjects were <17 years old, while the group of age 0-5 years old (n = 115, 57.5%) gave largest proportion admission in pediatric group of scalding as the main cause (n = 100, 69.4%). CONCLUSION:We found that adults and elders had the highest risk of acquiring combustion caused by flame. Scalding was the most burns case found in the pediatric population.

Background: Acquired syndactyly is a very rare disorder on the interdigital area. Syndactyly with only soft tissue involvement can be a sequela of trauma, such as burn, inflammation or infection in the interdigital area, resulting in bony fusion following crush injury. Case Report: An 8-year-old boy came to our department with fusion from the base to the tip of the first to fourth right toes since the accidental step on burnt plastic 5 years ago. He complained of a poor appearance and discomfort when walking. Then we performed zigzag incision for first to second toes and third to fourth toes. Skin graft closure was performed to cover the defect on third to fourth toes. The second reconstruction surgery will be scheduled 6 months later. Discussion: The surgical techniques for foot syndactyly were derived from those for hand syndactyly, which are to separate the digital fusion by creating local skin flap. Additionally, skin graft might be necessary when recent surgeons avoid the use of skin graft for open treatment, primary closure by defatting, or intricate local flaps. These can shorten the operation time and minimize donor site morbidity. However, surgeons should consider the free tension closure of the wound by combining the skin graft after the flap. Conclusion: Reconstruction procedure for foot syndactyly aims to improve the appearance and function of the toes as well as to avoid progressive deformity through development. The skin graft addition in combination of skin flap shows promising outcome. Key words: acquired syndactyly, syndactyly reconstruction, zigzag flap, skin graft.

Background: Burns is a severe public health problem. Its poor treatment can lead to the worst complication called sepsis. Since sepsis decreases the immune system, the critical therapy management of burn sepsis ensures adequate end-organ perfusion. According to the Surviving Sepsis Campaign Bundle, immediate identification and management in the initial hours generate a better outcome. The inflammation of burn injury is known to increase ROS production, which causes cellular damage, sepsis, and MODS. This condition initiates the importance of ROS scavenger. Methods: This literature reviewed from relevant works of literature which searched from major journal databases of WHO, Pubmed, Elsevier, JAMA, Springer, NEJM, which published from 2013 until 2018 Results: Vitamin C is a cheap but effective antioxidant, which acts as a ROS scavenger and reduces the fluid requirement in burn resuscitation for the prevention of burn sepsis Conclusion: Vitamin C could be recommended as adjuvant therapy in the prevention of burn sepsis