Background: Wounds are a challenging clinical problem with complications that often lead to morbidity and mortality. The herbal plant Apium graveolens (Linn.) has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, which are thought to accelerate the wound healing process. The number of neutrophils, angiogenesis, and the area of fibroblast density are elements that play an important role in the wound healing process. Thus, the administration of Apium graveolens (Linn.) extract is expected to assist in the wound healing process, which can be viewed from the number of neutrophils, angiogenesis, and the area of fibroblast density. Methods: An experimental in vivo study with a randomized post-test approach with a control group of rats that were given an incision on their back. Random allocation was performed to divide 20 Sprague Dawley rats into 4 groups. Neutrophil count, angiogenesis, and area of fibroblast density were seen histopathologically. Data were analyzed and processed using SPSS 25 software in univariate, bivariate, and multivariate ways. Results: The number of neutrophils, angiogenesis, and area of fibroblast density in the Apium graveolens (Linn.) extract group was lower than the group given the cream without Apium graveolens (Linn.) extract (p < 0.05), and there was no difference compared to the group given gentamicin cream. 0.1% (p > 0.05). Extract Apium graveolens (Linn.) had the lowest number of neutrophil and angiogenesis compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The administration of Apium graveolens (Linn.) extract cream was effective in the incision wound healing process in terms of a decrease in the number of neutrophils, angiogenesis, and the area of fibroblast density. The administration of Apium graveolens (Linn.) extract cream was more effective than 50% extract cream.

Background: A wound is a disorder of the continuity of the epithelial layer of the skin or mucosa and can result from physical or thermal damage. Proliferation and remodeling processes are important phases in incision wound healing. Celery is believed to have the potential to regulate the inflammatory phase and accelerate the process of proliferation and remodeling of wound tissue. This study aims to evaluate the potency of celery extract (Apium graveolens (Linn)) on incision wound healing in vivo. Methods: This study was an in vivo experimental study. A total of 24 rats were used in this study and divided into 4 treatment groups (2 control and 2 treatment groups). Analysis of epithelial thickness ratio and epithelial length was performed using SPSS using univariate and bivariate. Results: The control group had the lowest epithelial thickness ratio, followed by 50% extract, 75% extract, and finally, the gentamicin group. The length of newly formed epithelium in wounds treated with Apium graveolens (Linn) extract group 70% (mean 1.461 mm) was similar to that treated with gentamicin 0.1% (mean 1.457 mm) and much better than those treated without extract (0.869 mm). Conclusion: Celery extract (Apium graveolens (Linn)) has the potential to accelerate the process of reepithelialization of incision wounds in vivo studies.

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Background There exists contradictory evidence that states both the beneficial and deleterious effects of caffeine on wound healing. The general population might unknowingly consume caffeine that negatively affects wound healing. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of daily caffeine consumption on wound healing, specifically full-thickness skin graft (FTSG). Methods Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into four groups of equal size: control-dose (CD), low-dose (LD), medium-dose (MD), and high-dose (HD) caffeine groups. After autologous FTSG, all subjects in the intervention group were given daily pure caffeine gavage. The FTSG was explanted 7 days posttransplant. The graft viability, secondary contraction, and adherence were evaluated macroscopically, while fibroblast and collagen deposition was analyzed microscopically with hematoxylin eosin stain. Results The least graft viability (72.8 ± 20.7%, clinical wound assessment scale [CWAS] 2.4), highest secondary contraction (11.4 ± 10.5%), and fibroblast count (331.8 ± 88.6 cells/5 high power fields) were observed in the MD group. More collagen synthesis was observed in subjects who consumed caffeine. The level of secondary contraction, fibroblast count as well as graft viability and collagen synthesis were positively correlated. Conclusions Daily consumption of caffeine impairs graft viability when given in medium dose and increases collagen synthesis, irrespective of dosage. This study was in experimental rats; the results are not directly translatable to humans.