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No abstract

La evolución del mapa lingüístico mundial refleja la progresiva disminución de lenguas habladas en el planeta y la desaparición de sistemas lingüísticos en situaciones de contacto. El análisis de las causas de dicha desaparición permite también calificar a un importante número de modalidades como lenguas en peligro de extinción, para las cuales el apoyo oficial resulta indispensable para preservar su existencia. El estudio de diferentes textos legales, de naturaleza general o particular, en el marco de los denominados derechos lingüísticos, nos permitirá descubrir los contextos de uso concretos en los que dichas lenguas pueden ser defendidas institucionalmente y, al mismo tiempo, identificar diferentes actuaciones que oscilan entre la mera preservación, a veces casi exclusivamente documental, de lenguas minoritarias, y el desarrollo de medidas que pretenden realmente garantizar el uso de lenguas en ámbitos públicos como la educación, los medios de comunicación y la administración, de los que habían estado ausentes en periodos anteriores.

<p>The use of different languages within the same geographical area usually generates different opinions about how these should be controlled within public ambits, such as education, media or public administration. Our main goal is to provide an analysis of the existing points of view with regard to the use of Spanish and the other co-official languages in Spain, stressing the legal framework that justifies them, as well as their underlying objectives and possible consequences. Our intention is to discuss if these texts are aimed to simply recognize the official character of two languages or if they pursue the development of a linguistic planning that guarantees the use of both within the public ambit.</p>

As van Dijk argues, ideologies are social beliefs which are usually transmitted through discourse, and therefore journalistic and political texts are seen to be two trusted means of communication which are ideal for that function. Within the framework of the relation between language and ideology, my aim is to carry out a critical discourse analysis of various texts of this type. I shall begin by comparing the content of seven different newspapers published on 28 October 2017, the day after the Catalan Parliament’s unilateral declaration of independence (UDI). Four of these are national in scope (ABC, El País, El Mundo, and La Razón) and three are published in Catalonia (La Vanguardia, El Periódico de Catalunya, and Ara). I then focus my attention on the information expressed in two of these, namely ABC and La Vanguardia, with the aim of examining the different ways the same information is treated and the linguistic mechanisms used to downplay or enhance the same facts for different ideological purposes. In a similar vein, I go on to analyse the different discourse approaches adopted by the main political parties when dealing with the concept of the State in their respective manifestos for the 2019 general election.