We investigated the frequency of HBsAg clearance and the possible role of viral superinfection in a long-term follow-up of 184 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Our subjects were 184 patients with chronic hepatitis B and the follow-up was 12-216 months (mean 66.2 +/- 53.7 months). The investigative methods used were: immunoenzymatic assays for HBV, HCV, HDV, and HIV markers; polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for HBV DNA; and liver biopsy and immunoperoxidase. During the follow-up, 20 of the 184 patients cleared serum HBsAg. A comparison of patients with persistent HBsAg(group I) and of those who cleared this marker (group II) showed a significant difference in mortality (P = 0.002) between the two groups and a tendency to a more severe exacerbation (flare) in group II (P = 0.07). Antibodies to hepatitis C and D virus as well as antibodies to HIV were equally distributed in both groups. Thirteen patients (7.9%) from group I, but none from group II, subsequently developed hepatocellular carcinoma. These results suggest that the frequency of spontaneous clearance of HBsAg during chronic HBV infection is low. No determinant factor for the clearance was found, including the presence of liver cirrhosis. Serum HBV DNA was undetectable by PCR after clearance in 16 out of 17 patients.
O estudo avaliou a prevalência de depressão pós-parto (DPP) e fatores associados em mulheres que deram à luz em dois hospitais da cidade de São Paulo: um público e outro privado. Foram aplicados questionários padronizados, a Escala de Depressão Pós-parto de Edimburgo (EDPE) e a Escala de Apoio Social de MOS (EAS) a 462 mulheres: 205, no hospital público e 257, no privado. Foram obtidos dados sociodemográficos, psicossociais, obstétricos e do recém-nascido (RN). Consideraram-se deprimidas mulheres com 12 ou mais pontos na EDPE, aplicada no 3º ou 4º mês após o parto. No hospital público, a prevalência de DPP foi de 26% e, no privado, de 9%. Características dos RN foram semelhantes nas duas amostras; idade, escolaridade, número de visitas de pré-natal e de cesarianas das mães foram maiores no hospital privado. Análise de regressão envolvendo características psicossociais das participantes revelou associação positiva de DPP com depressão anterior e com frequência de conflitos com o parceiro e relação negativa com anos de escolaridade e escore de apoio social. Palavras-chave: depressão pós-parto; prevalência; fatores de risco; hospital público; hospital privado.
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