Magnetic anomaly maps reflect the spatial distribution of magnetic sources, which may be located at different depths and have significantly different physical and geometrical properties, complicating the identification of the corresponding geologic structures. Filtering techniques are frequently used to balance anomalies from shallow and deep sources, and to enhance certain features of interest, such as the edges of the causative bodies. Most methods used for enhancing magnetic data are based on vertical or horizontal derivatives of the magnetic anomalies or combinations of them, and the edges or centers of the sources are identified by maxima, minima, or null values in the transformed data. Normalized derivatives methods are used to equalize signals from sources buried at different depths. We present an edge detector method for the enhancement of magnetic anomalies, which is based on the tilt angle of the total horizontal gradient. The notable features of this method are that it produces amplitude maxima over the source edges and that it equalizes signals from shallow and deep sources. The method is applied to synthetic and real data. The effectiveness of the method is evaluated by comparing it with other edge detection methods that have been previously reported in the literature and that make use of derivatives. The results show that our method is less sensitive to variations in the depth of the sources and that it indicates the position of the edges of causative bodies in a more accurate fashion, when compared with previous methods, even for anomalies due to multiple interfering sources. These results demonstrate that the proposed method is a useful tool for the qualitative interpretation of magnetic data.

No abstract

No abstract

ABSTRACT. In this paper we present the GRAV MAG PRISM code to generate synthetic gravity and magnetic anomalies from rectangular prismatic bodies with arbitrary dimensions, densities and magnetizations. The code has been developed in a MATLAB/OCTAVE environment and provides a graphical and a numerical output, as well. The data are written in xyz (ASCII) format and can be contaminated with noise. We also summarize the theory and show some examples of the program’s applications. The code can be used for research and educational purposes and is freely-distributed by the authors on request.Keywords: gravity and magnetic anomalies, potential-field modeling, program. RESUMO. Neste trabalho é apresentado o programa GRAV MAG PRISM, o qual gera anomalias de gravidade e magnéticas sintéticas a partir de corpos prismáticos retangulares com dimensões, densidades e magnetizações arbitrárias. O código foi desenvolvido em ambiente MATLAB/OCTAVE, com saídas gráficas e numéricas. Os dados são escritos no formato xyz (ASCII) e podem ser contaminados por ruídos. Neste trabalho também é apresentado um resumo da teoria e alguns exemplos de aplicação do programa. O código acompanha um tutorial e pode ser utilizado para fins educacionais e de pesquisa, sendo de distribuição gratuita através de solicitação aos autores.Palavras-chave: anomalias gravimétricas e magnéticas, modelagem de campos potenciais, programa.

ABSTRACT. We study the Paranaguá Graben, which is part of the Cenozoic Rift System of southeastern Brazil. Specifically, it is considered a gravimetric-magnetic model of the top of the Precambrian basement under the Cenozoic sediments of the Paraná state coastal plain. We aim to identify the main structures of the Paranaguá Graben. We also evaluate the thickness of the sedimentary section and the Mesozoic basic intrusions in the basement. We use a regional geophysical survey that extends for more than 55 km of gravimetric profiles with 500 m of spacing between the stations and about 45 km of magnetic profiles with spacing of 25 m. The geophysical profiles were located between Paranaguá Bay and the Saí-guaçú river outlet, both in the context of the central region of the Ponta Grossa Arch (PGA). Data were collected along NE-SW acquisition lines, perpendicularly to the principal trend of the PGA. We present a 2-D geologic model using on gravity and magnetic data. We incorporate prior knowledge about the basement depth provided by boreholes. The identification of gravity high was related to a basement uplifting (Canoas structural high). Contiguous gravity lows had been interpreted as structural lows and called Albatroz and Shangri-lá, whose maximum thickness of the sediments is 130 m. The magnetic model allowed to estimate the thicknesses of the basic dykes and to calculate an average crustal extension of 27% related to 45 km of the magnetic profiles.Keywords: Ponta Grossa Arch, Paraná state coast, Paranaguá Graben, gravimetric-magnetic model, crustal extension. RESUMO. O objetivo deste trabalhoé contribuir com o estudo do Gráben de Paranaguá, feição tectônica integrante do Sistema de Riftes Cenozóicos do Sudeste doBrasil. Especificamente, propõe-se um modelo gravimétrico-magnético do topo do embasamento Pré-Cambriano sob os sedimentos cenozóicos da planície costeira paranaense. Buscou-se identificar as estruturas principais e estimar a espessura da cobertura sedimentar e das intrusões básicas mesozóicas do embasamento. Para tanto foram realizados levantamentos geofísicos regionais, os quais totalizaram mais de 55 quilômetros de perfis gravimétricos com espaçamento de 500 metros entre as estações e cerca de 45 quilômetros de perfis magnéticos com medidas a cada 25 metros. Os perfis geofísicos, situados entre a Baía de Paranaguá e a desembocadura do rio Saí-guaçú, na região central do Arco de Ponta Grossa (APG), foram orientados na direção NE-SW, perpendicularmenteà tendência principal do APG. A concepção do modelo 2-D foi baseada na modelagem dos dados gravimétricos e magnéticos e calibrada por registros de profundidade do embasamento derivados de poços tubulares. A identificação de um alto gravimétrico foi relacionada a um soerguimento do embasamento (Alto Estrutural de Canoas). Baixos gravimétricos contíguos foram interpretados como baixos estruturais e denominados Albatroz e Shangri-lá, cuja espessura máxima do preenchimento sedimentaré de 130 metros. O modelo magnético permitiu estimar as espessuras dos diques d...