This comparative and transnational study offers critical reflections on translation funding programs in connection with the international rights trade at book fairs. Focusing on the Argentinian and French translation support programs within the scope of their appearance as Guest of Honor at the Frankfurt Book Fair and against the background of the global system of translations, it explores which works, authors, genres and languages predominate in the choice of funding institutions. In addition to its function in cultural diplomacy, translation funding is seen as an effective tool in strengthening cultural diversity. Therefore, this contribution pays special attention to its impact on bibliodiversity, for example by looking at which actors among Argentinian, French and German publishers benefit from these programs. Cette étude comparative et transnationale propose des réflexions critiques sur les programmes d'aide financière à la traduction en lien avec l'achat et la vente de droits internationaux qui ont cours dans le cadre de foires du livre. Plus précisément, s'y trouvent analysés les programmes d'aide de l'Argentine et de la France, tour à tour invités d'honneur à la Foire du livre de Francfort, dans le contexte d'une activité de traduction mondialisée. Quels sont les oeuvres, les auteurs, les genres et les langues qui prédominent dans la sélection des institutions de financement ? Outre le rôle qu'il joue en diplomatie culturelle, le financement de la traduction serait un outil apte à renforcer la diversité culturelle. Par conséquent, une attention particulière est accordée à son incidence sur la

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The objective of this paper is to analyse the presence of Germany and France as Guests of Honour at Feria del Libro de Madrid with regard to the interdependences between the book fair and its visiting countries. By means of expert interviews with the organisers, I studied the processes of selection, the objectives and the realisation of ¡AleManía! in 2011 and France como un libro abierto in 2016, as well as their accordance with the idea of bibliodiversity. In the past, the Guest of Honour seems to have played the role of an additional financial sponsor providing also further legitimacy for the public sales fair through its cultural programme. The guest countries in fact offer a variety of cultural and literary events at the venue, even though the selection of invited authors consists of actors with a strong or even dominant position in the respective literary field and therefore does not represent its diversity in every respect.