The dependence of Brazil on imported improved papaya seeds was the main motivation for this research that primarily intended to evaluate the combining ability of eight genotypes from the 'Solo' group, crossed with eight genotypes from the 'Formosa' group following a partial diallel scheme. The traits mean fruit weight, brix degree and flavor revealed prevalence of additive effects in both genetic groups, while plant height was preponderantly additive only for the 'Solo' genotypes. On the other hand, the yield trait expressed additive superiority for the 'Formosa' genotypes. For intrapopulation breeding for higher yield, the indicated genotypes are 'Maradol' and 'Cariflora' from the 'Formosa' group as well 'Sunrise Solo 783' and 'Sunrise Solo TJ' from the 'Solo' group; but, when the objective is to breed for better fruit quality, the genotypes 'JS 12' and 'JS 11' ('Formosa' group), and 'Sunrise Solo72/12' and 'Baixinho de Santa Amália' ('Solo' group) are indicated. Based on the set of evaluated traits, the best hybrid combinations were 'Sunrise Solo 72/12 × JS 12', 'Sunrise Solo TJ × JS 12', 'Baixinho de Santa Amália × JS 12', 'Sunrise Solo TJ X JS 11' and 'Sunrise Solo 72/12 × Costa Rica'.

No abstract

No abstract

RESUMO -O presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a ocorrência de esterilidade feminina e de carpeloidia em mamoeiros hermafroditas 'Baixinho-de-Santa Amália' cultivados sob manejo orgânico, em diferentes tipos de ambiente de proteção,e conduzido com ou sem bifurcação do tronco no transcorrer das quatro estações do ano. Foram construídos três tipos de estruturas de proteção contíguas: (i) estufa (cobertura de plástico); (ii) estufa sombreada (cobertura adicional de tela 'sombrite' -30% sobre o plástico), e (iii) telado (cobertura exclusiva de tela 'sombrite' -30%), ao lado de uma área de ambiente natural, a pleno sol. Nestes locais, foram cultivados, dentro das normas técnicas da agricultura orgânica, mamoeiros da cv. Baixinhode-Santa-Amália. Em metade das plantas, abrangendo todos os ambientes de cultivo, a gema apical foi incisada, logo após a sexagem, visando à bifurcação do tronco. Para efeito de análise de variância, foram considerados quatro blocos por ambiente de cultivo, tendo cada bloco três repetições relativas ao modo de condução das plantas (com e sem bifurcação do tronco). Para análise estatística, procedeu-se à "análise conjunta de experimentos", no caso, os ambientes de cultivo. Nos mamoeiros com tronco bifurcado, houve diminuição do número de frutos carpeloides e aumento do número de flores fêmeas estéreis. No entanto, essa bifurcação não influenciou a frequência de frutos normais. Durante a primavera (setembro a dezembro), e notadamente na estufa, o maior número de frutos carpeloides por planta correlacionou-se a temperaturas mais elevadas, maior amplitude térmica e maior vigor vegetativo; já, a maior ocorrência de flores estaminadas correlacionou-se também a temperaturas elevadas, baixa luminosidade e menor vigor vegetativo. Por outro lado, essas mesmas condições ambientais e fenológicas favoráveis à carpeloidia aumentaram a quantidade de frutos normais, assim contribuindo positivamente para a produtividade do mamoeiro. Termos para indexação: Carica papaya, agricultura orgânica, cultivo protegido, carpeloidia, esterilidade feminina. EXPRESSION OF FEMALE STERILITY AND CARPELLOIDY ON PAPAYA TREE UNDER DIFERENT ENVIRONMENTS OF PROTECTED CULTIVATIONABSTRACT -This present study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of female sterility and carpelloidy on hermaphrodite papaya cv. Baixinho de Santa Amalia growing under organic management in different types of environment protection and conducted with or without bifurcation of the trunk during the course of the four seasons. Three types of structures for crop protection were built side-by-side as follows: (i) greenhouse (plastic covering), (ii) shadowed greenhouse ('sombrite' net -30% over the plastic sheet), and (iii) screenhouse ('sombrite' net -30% exclusively), in an area of natural environment, for papaya (cv. Baixinho de Santa Amália) cultivation through organic farming system. Half of the plants in all treatments were submitted, right after sex determination, to apical incision for trunk bifurcation. For purposes of analysis of variance four blocks ...

-The objective is to evaluate the effects of plant density in banana crops against weed suppression. Six treatments were used: 1,200 (3.33 x 2.5 m), 1,600 (2.5 x 2.5 m), 2,000 (2.0 x 2.5 m), 2,400 (1.67 x 2.5 m), 2,800 (1.43 x 2.5 m) and 3,200 (1.25 x 2.5 m) banana plants per hectare, arranged in an experimental design of randomized blocks with four replications. The phytosociological study of weed communities was carried out one month after transplanting and then every 90 days, totaling six samples in 16 months of cultivation, always those being held 15 days after mowing. With the data of dry mass and number of individuals per species Relative density (De.R) Relative frequency (Fr.R) Relative dominance (Do.R), importance value value (IVI) of weed communities were calculated. Forty-three 43 species of weeds associated with the crop were identified, especially in the early stages of culture, of species such as Panicum maximum and nut grass. After 90 DAT it was found that the increase in the diversity of weed species, besides the reduction in IVI of P. maximum and C. rotundus, and increased IVI for species such as C. benghalensis and Vernonia cinerea, were more adapted to shade conditions. There was a reduction in the density dominance of weeds in higher plant density treatments, especially between 210 and 300 DAT. There was a change in the population of weeds, depending on the plant spacings in the banana crop.Keywords: banana crop, phytosociology, crop management. RESUMO -Objetivou