Late Cretaceous intra-oceanic magmatism in the internal Dinarides (northern Bosnia and Herzegovina): Implications for the collision of the Adriatic and European plates, LITHOS (2008), doi: 10.1016/j.lithos.2008.09.010 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT
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Large Paleogene Rotaliidae all represent moderate K-strategists similar to the nummulitids to which they are associated. They arise as Tethys-wide groups during the Paleocene and reach their highest diversity during the earliest Lower Eocene (SBZ 5). They document a Global Community Maturation cycle that ends for the rotaliids by their disappearance after the Middle Eocene while other groups like the nummulitids and the orthophragminiforms continue up to the Eocene-Oligocene boundary. Under the generic definitions the species are grouped in order to reflect what is supposed to represent a phylogenetic lineage in the order of their appearance in geological time. This meets the demands of an easier taxonomic identification and to reflect in the same time a phylogenetic hypothesis. OverviewLarge Paleogene Rotaliidae belongs to the new subfamilies Daviesininae, Kathininae, Laffitteininae, Cincoriolinae and Lockhartiinae.By their large size, their strong dimorphism and their distribution of canal orifices on the surface of their shells they all represent moderate Kstrategists similar to the nummulitids to which they are associated. Their strategy of life obliges them to adapt rapidly to the changing conditions in shallow water. They arise as Tethys-wide groups during the Paleocene and reach their highest diversity during the earliest Lower Eocene (SBZ 5). Later, the representatives of the lockartiines, Lockhartia, Dictyoconoides and Sakesaria, dominate the rotaliid associations and sometimes the complete shallow benthic communities. The rotaliid distribution pattern on the time scale reflects the basic rules of global community maturation (GCM) cycles, that is: (a) preparing the metabolism for K-strategy, (b) experimenting with ways of life, (c) revelling in success, (d) gaining size and endemism. Thus, they document a GCM cycle that ends for the rotaliids by their disappearance after the Middle Eocene while other groups like the nummulitids and the orthophragminiforms continue up to the Eocene-Oligocene boundary. In the Middle Eocene already the first K-strategists of the conservative neorotalias appear with a new species that has microspheric specimens with incomplete chamberlet cycles like a L. Hottinger, Paleogene larger rotaliid foraminifera from the western and central Neotethys,
A moderately diverse larger foraminiferal fauna from the north-east Italian 'Arenarie e calcari di S. Urbano' formation with important stratigraphic, palaeoecological and palaeobiogeographical implications is described with respect to its position in the Western Tethys area. The fauna is dominated by hyaline perforated and porcellaneous forms including Amphistegina, Archaias, Austrotrillina, Miogypsinoides, Neoplanorbulinella, Neorotalia, Nummulites, Operculina and Spiroclypeus. The presence of Miogypsinoides complanatus allows the age of the formation to be determined as late Chattian (Shallow Benthic Zone SBZ 23). The palaeoenvironmental setting is interpreted as a shallow ramp environment ranging from (1) well lit, highly translucent, shallowest part of the photic zone characterized by Archaias and Austrotrillina, the deeper part of the inner ramp with Nummulites, to (2) the shallow part of the middle ramp with Spiroclypeus and miogypsinids and Operculina, to (3) a deeper middleramp setting dominated by coralline rhodoliths along with lepidocylinids. The presence of Archaias hensoni Smout and Eames shows that members of much more diverse Middle Eastern associations of shallow-water larger porcellaneous foraminifera are also present in the north-western parts of the Western Tethys, and reveals a corresponding diversity gradient among larger foraminiferal faunas in the Western Tethys, which is related to a decrease in temperature.
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