A new procedure for the oxidation of sulfides to sulfones utilizing heterogeneous ruthenium reagent has been developed. A small amount of ruthenium trichloride (RuCl 3) supported on alumina and excess sodium metaperiodate (NaIO 4) was used to produce the ruthenium oxidizing catalyst in the reaction mixture. Sodium metaperiodate oxidized the pre-catalyst RuCl 3 to RuO 4 and also maintained a constant supply of RuO 4 by oxidizing lower valent ruthenium ions during the course of the reaction. An environmentally friendly solvent mixture of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and water was employed. A wide variety of aromatic sulfides were oxidized to sulfones in good to excellent yields by utilizing this procedure.

Oxidation of Aryl Sulfides to Sulfones with Alumina-Supported Ruthenium Catalyst in Dimethyl Carbonate-Water Media. -(ALI*, M. H.; OLESEN, B.; RANU, B.; CLIPPARD, L.; HEATH, J.; MEYER, G.; WILLIAMS, T.; Synthesis 48 (2016) 03, 429-436, http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1560834 ; Dep. Chem., Southeast Mo. State Univ., Cape Girardeau, MO 63701, USA; Eng.) -Toeppel 24-085

This case reviews synchronous bilateral breast cancer with left infiltrating ductal carcinoma ER+/PR−, Her2− and right invasive lobular carcinoma ER+/PR−, Her2−. Independent primary bilateral breast tumors are present in 0.2–3.2% of breast cancer. Biopsy also showed differing ER status on the left breast versus the node which was triple negative. The final sentinel node was a left internal mammary node. Recent studies have found that the ER, PR and HER2 status of the primary tumor do not always correlate to the ER, PR and HER2 status of the metastatic sites. This can have deleterious effects on survival. There are no clear guidelines on course of treatment for these complex cases. A review of the current literature is supportive of treating the highest-risk breast malignancy. Despite the unusual pathology and severity of disease, our patient is doing well with treatment.