Studi ini mengkaji penindasan buruh perempuan dari perspektif budaya patriaki. Dalam konteks ini dikaji diamnya buruh perempuan Industri  disebabkan budaya patriarki dan ketimpangan gender, dan pengalamannya dalam memaknai penindasan. Penelitian ini  dilakukan pada perusahaan industri yang ada di kota Medan, dengan  metode kualitatif dan pendekatan etnografi feminis. Melalui metode ini diperoleh data dan informasi tentang pengalaman buruh perempuan yang mengalami penindasan. Hasil penelitian bahwa buruh perempuan mengalami penindasan disebabkan, pertama, budaya patriarki, meletakkan perempuan terdominasi dan tersubordi nasi dalam lingkup industri, struktur patriarki menempatkan laki-laki sebagai penguasa (dominan) di sektor industri. Bentuk patriarki yang dialami buruh perempuan di Industri Kota Medan adalah pelecehan seksual, perbedaan upah. Kedua, buruh perempuan mengalami penindasan disebabkan ketimpangan gender. Bentuk ketimpangan gender yang dialami seperti, tidak ada jaminan keselamatan saat bekerja, tidak mendapat tunjangan, tidak ada jenjang karir, status pekerjaan. Menurut Spivak perempuan yang mengalami penindasan di masyarakat tidak akan pernah mampu bersuara apalagi mendapatkan hak-hak sebagai warga negara pada masa kolonial. Penelitian ini menunjukan keadaan yang sedikit berbeda dengan teori Spivak, jika dalam penelitian Spivak perempuan India diam menerima penindasan yang dialami, perempuan buruh industri dapat bersuara atau menegosiasikan penindasan yang dialaminya.Kata Kunci: penindasan, patriarki, ketimpangan gender, industri

No abstract

This study aims to produce Indonesian community-based local wisdom study modules that involve interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligence by the curriculum requirements of the Indonesian National Qualifications Framework (KKNI), as well as knowing the effectiveness of the product modules being developed. The subject of this study was the third-semester students in the Department of History Education who took the course of Study of Indonesian Community (SMI). The model used is the Dick & Carey development model modified by the Borg and Gall development model. The research procedure includes three stages, namely: 1) problem identification, 2) problem-solving design, 3) development. The results showed that the module developed by the product was valid through several stages of revision. The results of the product assessment indicate that: 1) grammar were in very valid qualifications (86%), 2) material experts were in very valid qualifications (87%), 3) experts the presentation is in a very valid qualification (98%), the assessment of the first practitioner in the qualification is very valid (86%), the second practitioner's assessment is in a very valid qualification (88%), the assessment of the third practitioner is qualified very valid (88%), and the fourth practitioner's assessment of assessment is in a very valid qualification (90%).The average score of all practices is in a very valid qualification, which is 89.13%. The test results of the effectiveness of the product module to students show that 1) the individual phase is worth 66.6%, 2) the small group is worth 71.42%, and 3) the field trial is worth 87.5%. At the meeting of the three products, they met the effectiveness of the product with a minimum competency of classical values of 86%.

In Indonesia, disaster management is regulated in Law number 24 of 2007 concerning Disaster Management. Three levels or phases of emergency situations have been defined in order to identify the level of impact and response required for both disaster preparedness and disaster emergency depending on the situation that occurs. This condition is clearly in line with the objective of the emergency response plan, which is to establish standard operating procedures in order to mobilize resources, especially financial. to help ease the burden on local government budgets. One of the potential funds that can help for disaster funds is the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) budget for state-owned enterprises (BUMN). The potential for corporate CSR funds in North Sumatra is very large because there are nearly 50 state-owned companies operating in North Sumatra. This study aims to find out the amount of CSR funds of BUMN companies managed in North Sumatra province, and how much is allocated for disasters, CSR programs and activities. potential for cooperation between BUMN companies and The Government of North Sumatera Province (Pemprovsu) to be more optimal for disaster relief.