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The process route for obtaining the processing parameter data through the engraving test first and then using these data for laser engraving was formulated. Through laser engraving experiments on a variety of materials such as wood, bamboo, paper, plastic, leather goods, PCB, acrylic, glass, paint layer, etc., we studied the changes of laser engraving with laser intensity, engraving speed, and black and white contrast. The physical process of laser engraving is analyzed, and the laser engraving of different materials is successfully carried out using the optimized parameters obtained by the experiment. And through the experiment to obtain the appropriate engraving technical parameters, technical parameters include laser intensity, engraving speed, black and white contrast, etc. The experimental results show that different engraving materials have basically different laser intensity, engraving speed, and black and white contrast. The combination of low intensity and slow speed engraving can delay the laser loss. The slower the speed of most materials, the better the effect. Carrying out laser engraving on materials with high ignition points, the effect of low-speed engraving is better. Laser 3D engraving technology is an emerging and promising laser processing technology. This article has reference value for further research on laser 3D engraving.

The jet modes are directly related to the stable and accurate deposition in electrohydrodynamic direct writing. In order to analyze the state of the jet through the image, it is essential to segment the image into needle area, droplet area and jet area. The small feature scale, unclear boundary and fast response speed bring troubles to the region segmentation. An algorithm of region segmentation is proposed to achieve the region segmentation. A scan method is used to extract the needle area automatically and the open-operation is used to separate the droplet area and jet area. The characters of droplet and jet are analyzed to judge the mode of the jet, which directly reflects the stability of the ejection state. This work is beneficial to the real-time controlling of the EDW and the stability and uniformity of micro/nanofibers.

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