Magnesium and its alloy are known as biodegradable materials. Application of these materials especially as an implant material such as fracture fixation, cardiovascular stent and musculoskeletal. Characteristic modifications of these materials have been extensively done by some treatments. The objective of this paper is to review some treatments of the magnesium and its alloy to increase their characteristic as a biomaterial. In this paper, the treatments of magnesium and its alloy by coating, surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT) and shot peening were reviewed. Some properties were studied base on these treatments such as corrosion resistant, morphology, mechanical properties, wettability, and biocompatibility. Coating treatment by thermal oxidation improved both wear and corrosion resistant. SMAT resulted in grain size of nanometre in the topmost surface of magnesium. Surface roughness and wettability also increased on the SMATed specimen but its corrosion resistant decreased. Severe shot peening on magnesium for orthopaedic application should be studied intensively.

Magnesium and its alloy have good properties as biomedical implant such as biodegradable material and excellent biocompatibility. Their hardness is an important mechanical property in using of these materials. Vickers microhardness is one of hardness testing methods in metal materials especially for thin layer on the metal. Mass of microhardness testing load also has important effect on result validity. The object of this research is to investigate optimum load in Vickers microhardness testing of magnesium alloy treated by thermal oxidation. Magnesium alloy AZ61 was treated by annealing at 150; 225; 300; 375; 450 °C of temperature. Vickers microhardness testing was carried out on this treated material using 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 g of load. Five data for both each load and temperature, therefore there are 25 data for each load. Optimum load is determined the load which has lowest standard deviation in Vickers microhardness. The optimum load in this research was happened at 10 g in load of Vickers microhardness testing. The Vickers microhardness in this load was 36.0 g.mm-2 and the standard deviation was 2.7 g.mm-2.

Magnesium and its alloy have good characteristics for implant materials. Increasing these characteristics is needed to be an excellent material. The objective of this research is to investigate the magnesium alloy AZ31 (Al: 3.07%; Zn: 1.05%) characteristics affected by thermal oxidation temperature. Investigated characteristics in this study were hardness, corrosion resistance, and microstructure. The temperature variations of thermal oxidation were 100, 200, 300, 400 °С. The Vickers micro-hardness decreased with increasing of thermal oxidation temperature and the as-received of Mg alloy had the highest Vickers micro-hardness. The lowest corrosion resistance occurred at 200 °С of thermal oxidation temperature but this corrosion resistant was higher than that at the as-received material. The microstructures of Mg alloy were looked cracked in their grains at the thermal oxidation temperature over than 200 °С. The cracks increased by increasing of the thermal oxidation temperature.