SUMMARYOn unlimed Malaysian peat (pH 3.5), flue-cured tobacco produced negligible leaf yields and showed no response to urea. Liming up to pH 5.25 (32 t/ha lime) linearly increased leaf yield. Tobacco responded linearly without reduced leaf quality to 90 k/ha N at pH 4.01 (8 t/ha lime), but to 45 kg/ha N at pH 4.40–5.25 (16–32 t/ha lime), higher N rates at the respective liming levels producing leaves of lower quality. The optimum rates of P and K for flue-cured tobacco appeared to be 26 and 186 kg/ha respectively, with linear responses up to those rates.

N, P and K fertilizers improved mulberry leaf, stem and fruit yields on peat, the optimum rates being ioo kg/ha/yr N, 25 kg P and 62-5 kg K, with further leaf responses to N and K if applied together in the ratio of 3:2. Harvesting every 2 months at 60 cm height gave better yearly leaf yields than cuttings 3-12 months apart, but annual stem yields were not affected by harvesting frequency and fruit yields were optimum when plants were cut at intervals of 5-6 months. Harvesting quarterly at 60 cm produced better leaf and stem yields than cutting lower (15 and 30 cm) or higher (100 and 180 cm). Two Thai cvs (Noi I and Mii) were female-sterile but the Local Malaysian producer! fruits.The Malaysian Government has shown interest since 1972 in silkworm culture as a potential cottage industry, which is now increasingly important in some states, e.g. Trengganu (Nik Yusoff, 1974). However, the success of sericulture depends on the production of adequate amounts of mulberry {Moms alba) leaves on which the growing silkworms feed, but little research has been done on mulberry production in Malaysia although it grows as a wild wayside shrub. Since information on the productivity of mulberry in relation to different agronomic and fertilizer regimes is urgently needed, the experiments reported here were conducted on peat at Jalan Kebun, where the crop was experimentally established in 1972 for observation and work on propagation by stem cuttings, though without culturing silkworms at the station. EXPERIMENTALFour field experiments, conducted during 1975-77, studied the effects of macronutrient fertilization, harvesting frequency, height of cutting and different cultivars on the productivity of mulberry, by cutting the stems at regular frequencies and not by the usual method of cutting and/or leaf plucking according to the needs of the silkworms that are being fed (Anon., 1973). The treatments were:Experiment I-o, ioo and 200 kg/ha N as urea; 0, 25 and 50 kg/ha P as superphosphate; ando, 62-5 and 125 kg/ha K as potassium sulphate, with all levels factorially combined. Experiment 2-Harvesting at frequencies of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 and 12 months, Experiment 3-Harvesting at heights of 15, 30, 60, 100 and 180 cm, and

Probably effective application of fly ash granules for ameliorants on sugarcane has not been meaningful reported in tropical agricultural systems and no exact results have not been established. The experiment was arranged from January 2014 up to May 2015 at IPB Bogor, Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the improvement level of additional fly ash granules as soil ameliorants on peat soil in sugar cane cultivation compared to the application of dolomite. The experiment used a complete randomized block design in sub-optimal peat soil. There were five levels of treatment at 50 kg peat soil weight at polybag as the following: without the addition of ameliorant as control (C0) at pH=4.0; Mixing with fly ash granule at pH 6.0 (C1); Mixing with fly ash granule at pH 7.0 (C2); Mixing with dolomite at pH 7.0 (D1), Mixing with dolomite at pH 6.0 (D2). The fly ash granule and dolomite application at a starting value of pH 6.0 or pH 7.0 exposed reliable impact to maintain the pH value of peat soil at least for one year during the growth of the sugarcane plant biomass until harvest. The application of fly ash granule at the starting value of pH 6.0 showed a better effect on plant growth biomass and was sufficient to ameliorate the peat soil to achieve the optimum sugar yield. More than this application rate would be luxurious, it causes no increase in sugar production.