The massive plastic production in Indonesia is an effort to meet the demand for the food packaging sector, which is nearly 40% of the total plastic demand. Plastics are not environmentally friendly because they are not degradable. Carrageenan-based biodegradable packaging in the form of bioplastic is an alternative, but it has disadvantages such as low resistance to water. Modified starch can be used to improve bioplastic characteristics. This research aimed to determine the application of modified starch in biodegradable packaging to its biodegradability and mechanical properties. This research is experimental which consists of primary parameters and supporting parameters. The independent variables used were modified starch (0, 1, 1.5, and 2 g). The experimental design used a completely randomized design (CRD) and data analysis using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and the DMRT follow-up test. The results showed that the application of modified starch in biodegradable packaging based on carrageenan had a significant effect (p <0.05) on water resistance and the best test results were 2 g of modified starch (P3) with a water resistance value of 50.96% ± 4.86. Meanwhile, the results of biodegradability, tensile strength, and elongation were not significantly different.
Types of polysaccharides such as carrageenan are potential materials used as biofilms. Modified starch is a material that can reduce the hydrophilic properties and increase the mechanical properties of bioplastics. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of using carrageenan and modified starch on mechanical properties and biodegradation. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design factorial. The treatments applied were the concentrations of carrageenan (2 and 3 gram) and modified starch (0, 0.5, 0.7, and 0.9 gram). The results showed that the addition of high carrageenan increased tensile strength, water resistance but decreased elongation and slowed biodegradation. The addition of modified starch improves the mechanical properties but slowed the biodegradation.
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