Combat pathology, particularly mine-blast injury is the main cause of military casualties. In our country, as a factor of destabilization, are widely used terrorist attacks using explosive devices of different capacities. Blast injury over 60% is cause of military casualties during armed conflicts. It is known that the condition for the formation of air-shock wave is creating waves of pressure, which is distributed at supersonic speed as possible with pulsed gas explosion and expansion of compression ambient air. The brain, chest, abdomen, and bladder are the most sensitive parts of the human body to blast. But the pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of post-traumatic explosion-induced disorders, namely, neurodegenerative complications psychosomatic, cognitive impairment, currently not fully understood and are not clear enough for an adequate therapy. The purpose of the study was to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of experimental models of blast-induced injury and to improve method and compressed air-driven shock tube. Material and methods. We used the following methods: analysis and evaluation of experimental models of explosion-induced injury by scientific publications, monographs and invention obtained in stages patent information search in the library collection of the State institution "Dnipropetrovsk Medical Academy of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine" (October 2019), a retrospective search of the literature database PubMed (February 2020). Results and discussion. A retrospective analysis of the number of literary sources on the experimental reproduction of explosive trauma has shown a high interest of a large circle of scientists in the last decade. A qualitative study of scientific publications has shown a wide range of physical characteristics of an experimental shock wave, methods and devices for simulating an explosive injury. The absence of a standardized model of explosive injury with characteristics as close as possible to real circumstances creates conditions for the implementation of our own proposals. Conclusion. This work presents a tested modified experimental model for reproducing an air shock wave under laboratory conditions, which makes it possible to study the features of the course of an explosive injury of various organs and organ systems at various periods after injury

The purpose of the study was to investigate, analyze and evaluate the expression level of HIF1A and parenchymal-stromal relations after traumatic air shock wave exposure to the liver. Materials and methods. The material for the study was the liver of 30 male rats, weighing 177.5 ± 15.8 g. All animals were randomly divided into three groups: group 1 consisted of intact rats (n - 6), group 2 – control (halothane anesthesia with fixation) (n - 12), group 3 (n - 12) – experimental animals (halothane anesthesia with fixation, traumatic single action of an air shock wave with an excess pressure of 31.6 ± 4.8, which was generated in the device developed by us). In order to study the reactive changes in the liver after exposure to an air shock wave, an immunohistochemical method was used to study the expression of the hypoxia marker HIF1A and a morphometric analysis of parenchymal-stromal relations on the 7th and 30th day of the experiment. Results and discussion. The studied expression of the transcription factor HIF1A in the liver after exposure to an air shock wave by the immunohistochemical method showed a relationship with the consequences that occur after the injury (alteration, inflammation, regeneration), as well as with the observation period and distribution in the liver parenchyma. Despite the diffuse injury of the liver, which occurs after a low-intensity exposure to an air shock wave, we record a high threshold of resistance of liver cells to the action of this traumatic factor. The absence of HIF1A expression in the liver one month after exposure to an air shock wave is a direct indication of the restoration of the functioning of specialized liver cells, despite the initial significant diffuse changes at the level of the microcirculatory channel of the liver lobules. Research has repeatedly shown the high regenerative potential of the liver, despite the factors of influence, toxic, mechanical, and others. Understanding the spatial response of liver cells to external and internal factors will allow us to assess the adaptive capabilities of the metabolism of hepatocytes that are in different conditions of blood supply, which will expand our knowledge about the pathogenesis of the post-traumatic period and offer new therapeutic tools for their correction. Conclusion. Morphometric analysis of parenchymal-stromal relations of the liver after a single exposure to an air shock wave showed a significant decrease in the area of hepatocytes by 8% and a significant increase in the area of connective tissue by almost 2.4 times on the 30th day of the post-traumatic period in comparison with the control group of animals. Evaluation of the level of expression of the transcription factor HIF1A in the liver at the stages of the post-traumatic period showed that moderate expression was characteristic of the subcapsular area of the liver in the early post-traumatic period. On the 30th day of the post-traumatic period, the accumulation of the HIF1A marker in the liver of the experimental group of animals was not statistically significant compared to the control group