In Malaysia, Passenger Vehicles (PV) accounted for the second-highest proportion of vehicles involved in road crashes (13.5%) as well as the total number of casualties (18.6%) after motorcycles. This raised the alarm that a thorough investigation should be conducted on the injury severity of occupants in PV crashes involving frontal impact collisions. The objective of this study is to evaluate injury severity outcome based on the selected crash parameters for the front seat occupants involved in frontal impact collision. The data for this study was sourced from the MIROS crash investigation database (MICARS) from 2007 until 2019, during which MIROS had investigated a total of 975 cases in both East and West Malaysia. After filtering through the cases, a total of 129 frontal impact crashes (PV versus PV) involving 206 PV and 349 front seat occupants were selected for data analysis. From the total number of selected cases, 82 cases were involved in head-on collisions while 47 cases were involved in side-impact collisions. As a result, crash configuration, crush extent, airbag availability, and seatbelt wearing are strongly related to the level of injury severity of frontal seat occupants involved in a frontal impact collision. Meanwhile, collision types and occupant seating position do not appear to be significantly related to the severity of the occupants’ injuries.

In Malaysia, 6,570 fatalities were recorded as a result of road deaths in 2016. From that figure, 1,197 or 18.2% were involved in side- impact collisions. An in-depth crash investigation study was conducted by utilizing data from the MIROS crash investigation database (MICARS) to better understand the mechanism and characteristics of the crash and to correlate the impact and damages profile with the injury outcome of the involved occupants related to the side-impact crash. The data obtained from MICARS for this study was selected from 2007 until 2016, during which MIROS had investigated 794 for both East and West Malaysia. Out of that number, 41 cases involving passenger vehicles were selected for analysis purposes. The results found that the risk of serious or fatal injury to nearside occupants was eight times higher compared to the far-side occupants. Besides that, the use of the restraint system does not show a significant association with the occupants' fatality. In a conclusion, car manufacturers should equip all new passenger vehicle models with passive safety features such as side and curtain airbags and should also increase the rigidity of the side structure of the said vehicles to reduce the injury severity level of the occupants. Furthermore, the government needs to review all these issues together with the vehicle manufacturers to make it become a Malaysian Standard before mandating it for all passenger vehicles in Malaysia. Thus, continuous efforts and commitment by car manufacturers and the government are essential to produce safer cars with proper and adequate active and passive safety features.

The use of dashboard camera (dashcam), or also known as digital video recorder (DVR) is increasingly becoming popular among personal vehicle owners nowadays due to affordable prices and higher video qualities. Many road-related incidents including vehicle crashes and near-misses can be recorded using dashboard cameras and shared via social media as lessons learned to others. Recorded videos of the incidents in real-time can be observed and used for a variety of purposes, including as supportive evidence for investigation. This paper explores the potential use of recorded dashcam videos in determining the characteristics and factors contributing to road crashes and near-misses under different situations. Selected video records of road crashes and near-misses were obtained from the internet thru social media and were used for analysis. The findings concluded that a dashboard camera is an effective digital video technology for traffic and accident monitoring systems. It has a high potential in providing supportive evidence of many frequently occurring factors and understanding the causes of road crashes and near-miss incidents.