Background: The development of nanostructures (nanoparticles and nanocapsules) is one of the most important pipelines of research of pharmaceutical technology. Methods: These nanotechnology pharmaceuticals allow the vectorization of drugs to tissues or cells target, allowing thus actions more specific and therapeutically active directed by molecules. Results: The use of molecules with an affinity for membrane receptors expressed in specific excess in tumor cells, monoclonal antibodies, or proteins, among others, is common for this purpose. In addition, these nanosystems allow to deliver drugs that could be the basis of the pharmacological treatment of many disorders of genetic origin in the future: biomolecules. Conclusion: The future scope of drug vectoring systems to target drug delivery using nanotechnologies can increase the control of pharmacokinetic parameters of chemotherapeutic agents.