PurposeThis paper aims to describe an application of hybrid Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) technique for the selection of wastewater treatment (WWT) technology for treating wastewater.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed approach is based on Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) under fuzzy environment, Preference Ranking Organization METHod for Enrichment Evaluation (PROMETHEE) and hierarchy Grey Relation Analysis (GRA) techniques. Two models are proposed to evaluate the best WWT. The first model, Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) is integrated with Preference Ranking Organization METHod for Enrichment Evaluation (PROMETHEE) technique. The second model, FAHP is integrated with hierarchy Grey Relation Analysis (GRA) technique. The Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) is used to determine the weights of criteria and then ranking of the WWT technology is determined by PROMETHEE and GRA.FindingsAn efficient pair‐wise comparison process and ranking of alternatives can be achieved for WWT technology selection through the integration of FAHP and PROMETHEE, FAHP and GRA.Originality/valueThe paper highlights a new insight into MCDM techniques to select an optimum WWT technology selection for the paper manufacturing industry.

No abstract

No abstract

Objective: Iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy leads to preterm birth, low birth weight and increases the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and the reason for the incidence of PPH is higher in India compared with the rest of the world. In this study, our main goal was to find out the risk factors and complications of iron deficiency anemia and their management in pregnant women. Methods: It is a prospective study done at Obstetrics and Gynecology Department in Government District Headquarters Hospital, Tiruppur. All subjects were analyzed in full detail and hemoglobin estimation was also done to the patients. Results: Study found that 52% shows moderate anemia followed by 30% mild and 18% severe, respectively. Risk factors are found in 55% cases. Study found an association between risk factors and severity of anemia. Conclusion: Iron deficiency anemia continues to be the commonest etiology of anemia in pregnancy. The prevalence of iron deficiency in a pregnant woman is amongst the highest in the world. Untreated iron deficiency has significant adverse feto-maternal consequences. Iron supplementation and antenatal care are the basic requirements to prevent anemia.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a common and often deadly infectious disease caused by various strains of mycobacteria, usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis in humans. A third of the world's population is thought to be infected with M. tuberculosis and new infections occur at a rate of about one per second. The present study aimed to study the prevalence of TB in various organs. Methods: This was both prospective and retrospective study and a total of 14,472 patients of all ages and both the sexes were included in the study. All prospective cases during this period and retrospective cases of past one year i.e. total of 14,472 cases were included in the study. Data was entered in MS-Excel sheet and statistical analysis was done. Results: Out of 14,472 patients maximum number of cases received in the department were of female genital tract (FGT) infections 3634 (25.11%) followed by gastrointestinal tract (GIT) 2246 (15.51%) and then reticuloendothelial system (RES) 1807 (12.48%). 9471 (65.44%) cases were observed with non-neoplastic lesions and 5001 (34.56%) with neoplastic lesions. The number of inflammatory and tubercular cases with non-neoplastic lesions was 4338. Out of 4338 inflammatory cases, 284 cases were reported with TB in various systems. The maximum cases 86 (30.28%) were seen in the third decade followed by fourth decade 55 (19.36%). Youngest patient was 2 year old while the oldest was 80 years old. Incidence of TB was low in 6th and 7th decade of life. Conclusions: The incidence of pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB in our study population was significantly high. Hence further investigation was required to determine a proper diagnostic approach of its morphological pattern so that accurate treatment can be opted.