This study evaluated peer incidental teaching as a strategy for increasing reciprocal peer interactions by children with autism. Three typical preschoolers were trained as peer tutors for 3 young children with autism. During a classroom free-play session, peer tutors used incidental teaching to obtain verbal labels of preferred toys by children with autism. A multiple baseline across the 3 target children showed replicated positive effects of the intervention. Adult supervision and assistance were then faded systematically, with resulting maintenance of increased reciprocal interactions. Multiple measures of the extent and limits of generalization suggested that 1 child increased interactions in free-play periods throughout the day, but none of the children showed increases at lunch. Teacher and peer ratings supported the social validity of positive findings.
Abstract.HOSTILE BEHAVIORS IN ADOLESCENTS: EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTION TEACHERSThe hostile behaviors in adolescents are a growing reality in the world being necessary to investigate their causes and think about interventions in the various contexts of lifeObjective: Outline appropriate intervention strategies to adolescents, in close liaison with teachers for prevention and promotion of healthy behaviors.Methods: Qualitative study of phenomenological nature inscribed in naturalistic paradigm involving a sample of 35 class directors of the secondary schools in the city of Viseu. The data collection is made through a questionnaire, consisting of open response questions: characterization; teachers’ opinions about the formal educational interventions, practiced and recommended; role of the nurse in the school.Results: class directors consider that the pedagogical strategies enacted by the Ministry of Education, are not effective in the facing of hostile behaviors in adolescents, stating that the pedagogical strategy they most utilize is the dialogue; Pedagogical strategies recommended are in school interventions, followed by interventions directed to parents and “creating Health Office” being the nurse one of the trainers sensitizing the entire educational community about this issue.Conclusions: Support for the development of protective factors is of paramount importance in the prevention of hostile behaviors reducing its prevalence. We suggest the implementation of intervention programs based on promotion of non-violent environments and behaviors involving theentire educational community.Keywords: hostile Behaviors; Adolescents; Teachers; Intervention strategies.Resumo.Os comportamentos hostis em adolescentes são uma realidade crescente no mundo sendo necessário investigar as suas causas e pensar intervenções nos diversos contextos de vida.Objetivo: Delinear estratégias intervenção adequadas aos adolescentes, em estreita ligação com os professores para a prevenção e promoção de comportamentos saudáveis.Métodos: Estudo qualitativo, de natureza fenomenológica inscrito no paradigma naturalista, envolvendo uma amostra de 35 diretores de turma das Escolas Secundárias da cidade de Viseu. A colheita de dados foi realizada através de um questionário, constituído por questões de resposta aberta: caracterização; opinião dos professores acerca das intervenções educativas formais, praticadas e recomendadas; papel do enfermeiro no meio escolar.Resultados: Os diretores de turma consideram que as estratégias pedagógicas emanadas pelo Ministério da Educação, não são eficazes face aos comportamentos hostis em adolescentes, afirmando que a estratégia pedagógica a que mais recorrem é o diálogo; As estratégias pedagógicas mais recomendadas são as intervenções intraescolares, seguidas das intervenções direcionadas para os encarregados de educação e “Criação de gabinete de saúde” sendo o enfermeiro um dos formadores sensibilizando toda a comunidade educativa sobre esta problemática.Conclusão: O apoio ao desenvolvimento de fatores protetores é de primordial importância na prevenção de comportamentos hostis reduzindo a sua prevalência. Sugerimos a implementação de Programas de intervenção baseados na Promoção de comportamentos e ambientes não violentos envolvendo toda a comunidade educativa.Palavras-Chave: Comportamentos hostis; Adolescentes; Professores; Estratégias de Intervenção.
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