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SUMMARY Measurements of serum electrolytes were made in 38 patients in whom ileum was used in the urinary tract. A high incidence (61 per cent.) of transient early hyperchlorzmic acidosis due to reabsorption was found but most patients were able to compensate for it. However, 27 per cent. of patients were unable to compensate because of permanent renal damage and they developed chronic hyperchlorzmic acidosis. Normal levels of serum uric acid, calcium and inorganic phosphorus were found in all of the patients. For monitoring renal function in patients with ileal urinary diversion measurements of serum creatinine were found to be more useful than estimation of blood urea.