The present study was carried out to evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of stationary esophageal manometry in 263 patients divided into three groups: 150 patients with reflux symptoms, 68 with dysphagia, and 45 with non-cardiac chest pain. Patients with endoscopic abnormalities were excluded. Standard manometry was performed following the station pull-through technique. In the group of patients with reflux symptoms 40.7% had a normal manometry and 57.3% had abnormalities, being the most frequent (43%) hypotensive lower esophageal sphincter. In the dysphagia group, 20.6% of manometries were normal and 79.4% were abnormal, of which achalasia was the most frequent disorder (53.7%). In the case of non-cardiac chest pain, 42.2% of patients had a normal manometry and 57.8% an abnormal one, of which hypotensive lower esophageal sphincter was the most frequent abnormality. A significant higher proportion of manometric alterations were found in the dysphagia group compared to reflux symptoms and non-cardiac chest pain (p < 0.05). No statistical differences were found between the reflux and the non-cardiac chest pain groups.Manometry yields a higher diagnostic value in patients with dysphagia, and therefore manometry should be performed routinely after the exclusion of any organic esophageal disease. Manometry is not a first-choice functional diagnostic test in the study of patirnts with gastroesophageal reflux or non-cardiac chest pain.
O foco principal deste artigo é apreender a importância das mulheres na militância agroecológica, enfatizando as suas atuações e influência nas feiras agroecológicas realizadas na cidade de Ilhéus, Estado da Bahia, Brasil. Apesar desta significativa e crescente atuação, as mulheres agricultoras enfrentam uma série de dificuldades no que respeita ao reconhecimento de seu trabalho de produção de alimentos, dificuldade no acesso à terra e/ou a comercialização direta dos produtos somada às atividades laboriais no espaço doméstico. Registamos uma valorização, por parte dos consumidores, desta modalidade de comercialização de agricultura orgânica, gerando uma maior fidelização com maior confiança pelo fato de ter sido produzida e comercializado por mulheres, denotando valores de qualidade de vida e alimentos saudáveis. Fica clara a importância destas feiras como espaços para geração de emprego e rendimentos, troca de saberes, valorização da cultura do campo e da mulher, e ainda a desconstrução de ideologias, atitudes e mentalidades discriminatórias e preconceituosas que regem, em geral, a estrutura social na Bahia.
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