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The objective of this work aims to study the land capability and suitability under drip and sprinkler irrigation systems of some soils located in El-Galaba plain, west of Edfu city, Aswan governorate, Egypt. The soil texture of the study area was mainly sand, loamy sand and sandy loam with different percentages of gravel content; they are deep soil profiles. Organic matter (OM) content is low and decrease with depth. ECe values vary widely from 0.3 -26.7 dS/m indicting that the studied soils are non-saline to moderately saline. Soil reaction (pH) is a strongly alkaline to very strongly alkaline as shown by pH values which ranged from 8.3 to 9.9. Calcium carbonate content ranged between 1 and 12%, while gypsum content ranged between 0.00 and 1.09%. Values of cation exchange capacity (CEC) ranged between 4 to 17 cmol (+)/kg. Most of studied soils are non-sodic, exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) ranged between 7 and 23%. The land capability using the applied system of land evaluation (ASLE) program by Ismail and Morsi (2001) under drip irrigation system shows the result in the study area are good (C2), poor (C4), very poor (C5), and non-agricultural (C6), while, using ASLE program under sprinkler irrigation system were good (C2), poor (C4), and very poor (C5). Moreover, the microcomputer land evaluation information system (MicroLEIS-Cervatana model) was moderately (S3) and marginally (N1). On the other side, the land suitability using the applied system of land evaluation (ASLE) program under drip and sprinkler irrigation systems were highly suitable, suitable, moderately suitable, marginally suitable, and not suitable (currently suitable N1) for crops; wheat, cotton, sugar beet, maize, soya bean, tomato, cabbage, pepper, onion, alfalfa, date palm, olive, fig and grape. A web-based program the microcomputer land evaluation information system (MicroLEIS-Almagra model), was used to compute the land suitability indicated that the soils of the study area were moderately suitable, marginally suitable, and non-suitable for the selected crops. The major limitations of these soils were soil texture and low soil fertility.

The objective of this research is to assess the land capability of some soils located at the western portion of Manfalut district, Assuit governorate, Egypt. This study showed that most of the soil profiles of these soils reveal that no clear pattern of gravel content distribution can be noticed with depth. The texture grade of the examined soil samples is mainly sand, loamy sand, sandy loam, loam, silt loam and sand clay loam. Organic matter (OM) content ranges between low (0.03%) to high (1.70%). Concerning total calcium carbonate (CaCO3) content, most of these soil samples are moderately calcareous and strongly calcareous. Furthermore, almost all soil samples have slighty gypsiric (less than 5%). Regarding soil reaction (pH), most of the investigated soil samples are slightly alkaline (7.4 to 7.8 pH). The ECe values of these soil profiles vary between 0.52 and 185.20 dS/m indicated that the studied soils are non-saline to strongly saline. While the cation exchange capacity (CEC) values differ from 2.37 to 15.52 cmolc/kg. Meanwhile the exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) values range between 0.54 and 23.80%. The soils of the investigated area have been evaluated using the land capability systems. These systems are based on the following parameters such as slope, topography, depth, texture, calcium carbonate content, gypsum content, salinity and alkalinity, cation exchangeable capacity, exchangeable sodium percentage and sodium adsorption ratio. Based on the actual soil properties, land capability for agricultural production was assessed using the ALES and Micro-LEIS systems. These results indicate that the land capability of the study area using automated land evaluation systems (ALES) varies from moderate to unsuitable due to different limiting factors such as soil depth, drainage, soil salinity and soil alkalinity. Whilst the land capability of these soils using MicroLEIS-Cervatana model differs between good class (S2) and Marginal class (N). The findings show that the region currently insufficiency high capability and land capability for most systems which have been used vary from moderate or marginally suitability classes to non-suitable.

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Numerous farmers regularly irrigate their farms with inadequately treated sewage water pumped from the sewage system in the Arab El-Madabegh district of Assiut City, Egypt. According to previous studies, long-term irrigation with partially treated sewage water resulted in significant changes in the physicochemical properties of soil. The principal goals of this study are (1) to infer empirical equations between geoelectrical resistivity measurements and certain biophysicochemical parameters of some soil samples, and (2) to use these empirical equations to calculate the biophysicochemical parameters of the unknown samples for the same location. For this purpose, 27 soil samples at different depth levels (0 to 25, 25 to 60, and 60 to 90 cm) were collected from eleven locations at the sewage station. Physical properties including water content and particle size distribution, chemical properties including soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and the heavy metals concentrations, biological properties including total coliform counts, and geoelectrical resistivity measurements were estimated and analyzed for these samples. Electrical resistivity measurements and biophysicochemical properties were cross-correlated using the exponential trend line to fit the cross-correlated data, and the empirical relationships were obtained. These empirical relationships in conjunction with the measured electrical resistivity measurements were used to calculate the biophysicochemical values of the other three random soil samples. The biophysicochemical values of the former three samples were measured by the same normal procedures as 27 samples. Then, the calculated values were correlated with the measured ones. Good correlations between the estimated and the measured values for biophysicochemical features were obtained. Therefore, this method can be employed to calculate the biophysicochemical parameters for any unknown samples that have the same geological conditions for estimating and monitoring soil contamination.