THE FINANCIAL MARKET OF UKRAINE: THE CURRENT STATE OF THE MAIN SEGMENTSУ статті розглянуто сучасний стан вітчизняного фінансового ринку через розгляд його організаційної структури та виявлення основних сегментів. Відмічено, що вітчизняний фінансовий ринок має певну особливість, яка пов'язана з тим, що основними діючими суб'єктами, у яких зосереджена левова частка фінансових ресурсів держави є: депозитні (комерційні банки) та недепозитні фінансові посередники (страхові компанії), а такождопоміжні фінансові корпорації (фондові біржі). Відзначено, що основними критеріями щодо поділу фінансового ринку є законодавчий критерій та структуризація фінансового ринку, в основу якої покладено критерій щодо використання певних видів фінансових активів. Автори використали комплексний критерійякий поєднав елементи як законодавчого поділу та поділ за фінансовими активами, розглянувши ті сегменти, які представлені найбільш активними суб'єктами вітчизняного фінансового ринку, а саме: Ключові слова: сучасний стан; фінансовий ринок; сегмент; депозитні; недепозитні фінансові посередники; допоміжні фінансові корпорації.
Розв'язання конфлікту інтересів, що породжується існуванням корпоративної форми власності, є мож ливим за рахунок застосування методів та інструментів системи вартісно орієнтованого управління, оскільки VBM спрямовано на максимізацію акціонерної вартості компанії, а зростання ринкової капіта лізації є метою, що об'єднує як короткострокові цілі менеджерів різних ланок, так й довгострокові тарге ти власників. У роботі запропоновано методику оцінювання показників результативності роботи компанії на заса дах вартісно орієнтованого управління, що враховує "сіру зону" у системі абсолютних та відносних зна чень індикаторів та дозволяє своєчасно побачити сигнали до погіршення якості управління. Викладено взаємозв'язок результатів розрахунку скоринговою методикою інтегрального показника вартісно орієнтованого управління компанією з важелями системи корпоративного управління компа нією. Наголошено на позитивних результатах впровадження методів Value Based Management у сфері кор поративного управління суб'єкта підприємницької діяльності, що охоплює гармонізацію інтересів заці кавлених суб'єктів, врахування факторів впливу на вартість компанії, забезпечення транспарентності інформаційно аналітичного забезпечення VBM.
Abstract. The study of IPO as a source of financial resources meets the current needs of the corporate sector in conditions of disintermediation and securitization trends of the financial market. In developed economies, there is a process of shifting the emphasis in the direction of capital attraction precisely on the stock market segment of the financial market, which has a number of advantages over the banking system that are also connected with the innovation and investment development of the national economy. The formation of the proper basis for the development of IPO market determines the timeliness of the consideration of this issue because it didn't obtain a sufficient spread. The emergence of new instruments is the feature that characterizes the modern stage of the development of the Ukrainian and world economy. Their application is a condition for the further development and use of the potential opportunities for the improvement of economic systems. Enterprises are able to meet current market needs and challenges due to orientation to modern trends and timely reaction to the latest achievements. One of them is the IPO (initial public offering), which is the primary public offering of shares. Participants of the Ukrainian market face a number of obstacles during IPO on the domestic and foreign stock exchanges. It necessitates a comprehensive review of this issue for a further developing of this method of accumulating financial resources. The purpose of this article is to identify the IPO market as a system of interrelated components that form its essence, and on the basis of a generalization of the constraining factors of development -providing recommendations on the perspective lines of improving the IPO market, taking into consideration the peculiarities of the Ukrainian and world stock market. Methodology. Analytical market reviews, materials of periodicals, resources of the Internet are the informational and methodological basis of the investigation. To achieve the goal set, the following general scientific and special methods were used: economic and mathematical methods, structural-logical analysis, analogy, synthesis, comparison and integration, factor analysis. Results. The factors that should be taken into account by the issuer for the success of the IPO procedure are justified. Problematic aspects and directions of their elimination are determined for every concrete stage of the IPO. The model for the domestic companies to enter the IPO market is proposed that has a special significance in the context of increasing the volume of financing innovative activity. Directions for reforming the regulatory and legislative framework are considered. Practical implications. Directions for improving the process of passing through the IPO stages can be applied by issuers, taking into account the peculiarities of the domestic and world stock market. Value/originality. The biggest part of the scientific works is devoted to the theoretical aspects of IPO, clarifying the essence of this process, structuring its...
In the context of the gap between the financial and real sectors of the Ukrainian economy, there is a problem of the absence of financial instruments able to solve the issue of financing the development of the national economic system on a long-term basis. At the current stage of the stock market development, financial engineering has a significant potential for the effective application since it can become an instrument that meets the current needs of the market. The purpose of this article is to study the current dynamics of development and features of the corporate bond market in Ukraine, as well as to develop the parameters of the new profit-bonds with the help of financial engineering, which takes into account investors’ inquiries in the formation of an investment portfolio and supposed to be a profitable form of attracting financial resources for issuers. Methodology. Materials of periodicals, analytical market reviews, resources of the Internet are the informational and methodological basis of the investigation. The research is based on general scientific and special methods, such as: comparison, systematic approach factor analysis, economic and mathematical methods. A comparative analysis of the parameters of financial instruments has been carried out that allowed determining the investors’ inquiries, investment trends and features of the choice of financial instruments by investors and accordingly to offer competitive debt securities according to the parameters of payment, maturity, security, repayment order, issue of currency. The results of the study indicate that there is the necessity of reformation of the stock market in terms of expanding the range of financial instruments based on financial engineering. The introduction of profit-bonds will allow offering participants of the Ukrainian market competitive conditions for the issue of securities, which are based on the modelled parameters of bonds. A schematic algorithm for the implementation of profit bonds is developed; it joins a complex of interrelated stages of implementation, which are sensitive to internal and external factors of influence. Practical implications. Directions for improving financial instruments on the basis of financial engineering can be applied by the participants of the stock market that will increase the general level of economic activity in the national economy and permit to accumulate financial resources on the profitable terms. Value/originality. The article reveals the development of the domestic market for corporate bonds as an important segment of the stock market through the application of financial engineering and the use of new financial products created to address the issue of attracting the necessary financial resources to the real sector. The introduction of financial engineering as a tool for the development of Ukrainian corporate bond market and its schematic algorithm of the implementation will allow an investor to react in time to the market changes. The creation of the State Fund for the Guaranteeing of Income of the Investors Market Act, which is formed at the state level by analogy with the existing Guarantee Fund for Individual Deposits, will allow the fulfilment of the security parameter that will classify profit bonds as long-term debt instruments with a high credit rating.
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