Objectives. Few studies have specifically tested the Cry of Pain model (Williams, 2001). This model conceptualises suicidal behaviour as a behavioural response to a stressful situation which has three components: defeat, no escape potential, and no rescue. In addition, the model specifies a mediating role for entrapment on the defeatsuicidal ideation relationship, and a moderating role for rescue factors on the entrapment-suicidal ideation relationship. This is the first study to investigate the utility of this psychological model in a sample of first-time and repeat self-harm (SH) patients. Method. One hundred and thirteen patients who had been admitted to hospitalfollowing an episode of SH (36 first-time, 67 repeat) and 37 hospital controls completed measures of defeat, entrapment/escape potential, rescue (social support and positive future thinking), as well as depression, anxiety and suicidal ideation.

The findings of this study carry the advantage of not being affected by ascertainment bias and the disadvantage of having low power. It provides evidence for a slightly increased liability to antisocial behaviour in XYY men.

Kendler et a! (1985) concluded that delusional dis orders and schizophrenia were two separate dis orders with different familial factors apparent. They suggested an increase of schizotypal personality dis orders in the first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia, but not with delusional disorder. Also, an increase of paranoid personality disorders in the first-degree relatives of patients was found with delusional disorder but not with schizophrenia.This might be a family with a unique combination of delusional disorders and dyslexia from which we can explore the genetic factors involved in more detail.