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A comparison of four widely used linear equations of the Langmuir types of isotherm (The Langmuir Type 1, 2, 3 and 4) were examined in an experiment using dye sorption onto derived acid and salt treated Fish Activated Carbon (H3PO4-FAC and ZnCl2-FAC respectively). Isotherm parameters obtained from the four Langmuir linear equations differed. Though Langmuir type 1 is the most popular form, but the type 2 had the highest coefficient of determination (R 2 = 0.931-0.984) compared with the other Langmuir linear equations (with R 2 values ranges of 0.696-0.982, 0.613-0.926 and 0.613-0.926 for Langmuir type 1,3 and 4 isotherm models respectively). 3,7 bis(dimethylamino) phenothiazin-5-ium ion was used to measure the Extent of monolayer coverage (qm) and specific surface areas (SMB) following the application of type 1 isotherm. From this study, Value obtained for the Acid treated carbon (H3PO4-FAC with SMB ; 18.170) is higher than that of the Salt treated carbon, (ZnCl2-FAC, SMB ; 13.579) which compared more to that of commercial carbon, CAC (SMB ; 13.884) units in multiple of 10-3 km 2 kg-1. The reliability of the Langmuir type 1 and 2 methods seems very good in specific surface area estimation. @JASEM

The adsorption equilibria of phenol and chloroform from aqueous solutions on four different particle sizes of activated charcoal were examined at different initial concentrations of the adsorbates. The experimental data were analyzed using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Both models fit the adsorption data for phenol. The Freundlich model more accurately fits the adsorption data for chloroform than the Langmuir model. The sorption kinetics for phenol was studied using pseudo-first-order and second-order kinetic models. The adsorption data better fit the second-order model. The results of the study show that activated charcoal can be used as potential adsorbent for phenol and chloroform in drinking water.

The removal of textile dyestuff from waste water was investigated in a batch sorption process using shea nut (Vitellaria paradoxa) shell activated carbon. The data were tested using the Rudishkevich-Dubinin and Temkin isotherm models. The result showed that removal efficiency increases with increase in contact time. This critical study which utilizes these more recent adsorption isotherms was found to present the mean free energy values (ED =1.036-1.406 kJmol-1) as a direct proportionality to the theoretical saturation capacities (qD = 2.032-4.169mgg

The fresh plants of Chancapiedra collected from Zuru Emirate of Kebbi State, Nigeria were dried, pulverized and subjected to nutritive and anti-nutritive analysis. The proximate composition revealed the presence of Moisture (0.03±0.06% fresh weight), Ash (5.55 ±0.01% dry weight), Crude Lipid (3.15±0.01% dry weight), Crude Proteins (9.52± 0.02% dry weight), Crude fibre (17.10±0.14%), Carbohydrate (64.31± 0.18%) and calorific value of 279.18kcal/100g. The mineral composition revealed include Calcium (25.58±1.03mg/100g), Magnesium (25.85±4.03mg/100g), Potassium (12.10 ± 0.10mg/100g), Phosphorus (15.42±3.05mg/100g), Sodium (0.44±0.35mg/100g), Iron (3.1±0.03mg/100g), Manganese (1.27±0.02mg/100g) and Zinc (0.45±1.05mg/100g). The anti-nutritive compositions are Oxalate (5.34±0.4mg/100g), Phytate (27.58±1.7mg/100g), Hydrogen cyanide (16.10±0.14mg/100g), Nitrate (22.42±0.028mg/100g) and Tannins (15.2± 0.13mg/100g). The results revealed that the plant Chancapiedra contained some essential nutrients.