Liquid−liquid equilibria of the ternary systems toluene−heptane−tetraethylene glycol, toluene−heptane−N−formylmorpholine, toluene−heptane−(tetraethylene glycol + N-formylmorpholine), and toluene−heptane−(tetraethylene glycol + N-methylpyrrolidone) have been determined at 40 °C. The capacity and selectivity data of the solvent systems were obtained and compared. The data were correlated using Bachman, Othmer−Tobias, and Hand models.

No abstract

A new method is presented for the qualitative and quantitative estimation of trace amounts (up to 0.15 ppm) of benzene in crude as well as refined vegetable oils obtained by extraction with food grade hexane (FGH), and in the oil seed cakes left after extraction. The method involves the selection of two solvents; cyclohexanol, for thinning of viscous vegetable oil, and heptane, for azeotroping out trace benzene as a concentrate from the resulting mixture. Benzene is then estimated in the resulting azeotrope either by UV spectroscopy or by GC-MS subject to availability and cost effectiveness of the latter. Repeatability and reproducibility of the method is within 1-3% error. This method is suitable for estimating benzene in vegetable oils and oil seed cakes.

No abstract

No abstract