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The aim of this study is the synthesis of an akermanite (Ca2MgSi2O7) material by sol–gel method using industrial waste (fly ash (FA) and ground-granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS)) as an initial precursor for the first time.

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In the present paper, we study the results of the substitution of Mg2+ in Li4Ti5O12 anode materials with the chemical composition of Li4-xMgxTi5O12 with x = 0, 0.1 and 0.3. Spinel structured Li4-xMgxTi5O12 materials are prepared by conventional ceramic method. The structural, morphological, chemical compostion and vibrational studies of the prepared anode samples are systematically characterized by thermal analysis, XRD, SEM, EDS and FT-IR. Phase formation is confirmed by thermal analysis followed by the XRD and FT-IR spectroscopic results. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique exposed that the materials belonged to spinel type having the space group as Fd-3m. Synthesized samples are quite large upto 0.98 to 1.3 ?m in diameter and the grain size had a wide distribution range. EDS is used to identify the elements. The FT-IR spectra show tetrahedral and octahedral sites to be inhabited by the MO6 oxide lattice.

A series of Eu3+ and Eu2+ doped wollastonite is produced with a modified sol–gel technique using agricultural‐food waste materials. Rice husk ash (RHA) and eggshell (ES) are used as an usher for silica and calcium oxide, appropriately, at different concentrations (0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1 mol%). Most investigations have documented photoluminescence (PL) from Eu3+ ions caused by electronic transitions between 4f levels (5D0 → 7FJ) but there is limited information on emissions from Eu2+ ions. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) studies reveal that varying amounts of europium ions do not have any effect on the structure of the host. PL spectra display that europium ions exist in both trivalent and divalent forms. A valence change from Eu3+ to Eu2+ ion is investigated using luminescence measurements. As‐prepared Eu3+ activated β‐wollastonite emitted as red and reduction atmosphere using argon gas produced Eu2+ activated phosphor gives off blue light. X‐Ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals that throughout the processing of the samples, Eu3+ cations are partially reduced to Eu2+ cations in argon gas atmosphere. These findings prove the feasibility of fabricating white light‐emitting diodes (white‐LEDs) for three‐band type (RGB) phosphors utilizing only one host crystal.