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A comparative study of structural, optical properties of plasma‐treated Ga‐doped ZnO nanorods (GZO NRs) prepared by hydrothermal growth is presented, which provides an economical technology for fast production. Annealing in air followed by plasma treatment has been found to be an effective way of purification of ZnO NRs. The plasma hydrogenation and oxidation are done at room temperature in an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) reactor. The properties of plasma‐treated GZO NRs are investigated using various characterization methods, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The SEM confirms the hexagonal shape of all GZO NRs. XPS reveals the presence of metallic Ga as well as Ga2O3 on GZO NRs surface. XRD has detected hexagonal (P63mc) ZnO phase in all samples with additional diffraction pattern in powder that has not been plasma treated. Plasma treatment does not affect the position of FTIR signals but changes the intensity of some absorption peaks. EPR shows a dominant signal with a g‐factor of 1.96. Plasma treatment of GZO samples affects its intensity.

L e bed a M.: To.ta.l Btood PLa.6111a PlUJte..in .in COIII6 -ill fl-i~~Vtent PWU O~ ReplUJduct.i.oll . Acta Vet. Brno, 55,1986:145-153.The investigation of 3 434 cows during a four years'period (E. F, G, H) fed summer (L) and winter (Z) feed rations has shown that the substantial part of the decrease of the total blood plasma protein (TPP) in late pregnant cows occurred as late as in the last six weeks of pregnancy (cow group IV). The general validity of this phenomenon and its independency on the type of feed rations. on the basal level of proteinemia in the herd and on the animal age was proved. The decrease of TPP level was significant in comparison with TPP in cows in the first phase of lactation (I), in the second phase of lactation (II) and in the 8th month of pregnancy (III) as well. The TPP concentrations. in cows I and II did not differ significantly from those in cows II and III.The average level of TPP in single cow groups has changed in individual feeding periods in the same direction. This illustrates a substantial influence of food contained in the basal rations. The difference between summer and winter TPP concentrations in the groups of the same denotation were found to be significant only infrequently; when summarized for the whole years'period they were significant in the group IV only. The value scatter of TPP was found to be significantly greater during green feeding than during winter feeding.The research specified the time of TPP decrease in pregnant cows.Previous works (L e bed a et al. 1984; L e bed a and Bus 1985) have shown that the level of proteinemia in cows in eight to ninth and a half month ·of pregnancy was significantly lower than that in cows in the first and second lactation phases. This observation was made in four subsequent periods of summer and four subsequent periods of winter feeding. This phenomenon was found to be regular and independent of both summer and winter type of feed rations and of seasonal climate influences of individual years as well. The same decrease of proteinemia level was observed by Hew e t t (1974) in heifers; the greatest decrease was found between the 8th and 10th month of pregnancy. Due to the combined influences of lactation (which also affects the proteinemia) and of presnancy this author did not manage to differentiate statistically both these influences. Hew e t t (1974) found an increase of proteinemia in the first three months of lactation after which a decrease followed till the 7th month of lsctation. this being again changed by a slight elevstion of proteinemia till the 13th month of lactation.In our previous works the proteinemia in cows in the first lactation phase was found to be higher in 5 of 8 investigated feeding periods than that in cows in 2nd lactation phase. the difference being significant in three cases. It appears that the decr, was not so distinct ss in the dry period.In the present work further four aummer and four winter feeding periods were studied in order to establish the development of proteinemia in cows in...

Titanium alloys are material that is often used in aerospace industry and in biomedical engineering for their excellent properties as low density, high tensile strength and corrosion resistance in some common environments. On the other hands the disadvantages of these materials are in general poor performance in sliding, hardness and wear. Enriching the surface area of pure titanium by nitrogen lead to improve hardness, corrosion resistance and abrasion resistance. Moreover, the required low modulus of elasticity of bulk material is maintained which is susscesfully used for example in joint replacements and dental crowns.In our contribution we would like to present the study of surface area of alfa-titanium after implantation of nitrogen ions. The X-ray diffraction and x-ray reflectivity were used for characterization of these surfaces. The special cheap home-made improvement of incident beam that enable to reach lower angles during reflectivity measurements will be presented.