In recent years, improvised explosive devices has been an aspect of crusades by terrorist or movements around the world. The blast wave propagation of an explosive detonation can cause disastrous damage on the buildings, vehicles and also injuries to vehicle occupants. Full scale blast tests are expensive and time consuming but by using computational based numerical simulations can virtually predict these wave propagations and minimize the need of experimental testing. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a common tool to do an analysis of free-field blast wave and against structure. This paper presents two different blast analyses; free field air blast and blast loading towards a structure using ANSYS FLUENT software. A high explosive of 1 kg blast peak overpressure data from an experiment has been patched at the specific domain of the symmetry plane. The computed results were found to be in agreement with theoretical and additional experimental data. The verified free field air blast model was expanded to study the blast loading response towards a structure. It was found that developed CFD can be further used to predict the blast wave propagation subjected to the vehicle structures or buildings.

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This research is done to study the effect of water flowing inside a concrete panel to the temperature on the surface of the panel as a way to decrease or increase building. This is part of the effort addressing green building system. T research are to discover the potential for green building material or technique in order reduce energy in building. By using specified size slab of 1500 mm × 500 mm with thickness of 125 mm, and using concrete grade M30 with embedd and outlet for flowing water. The result show that using tap water, in 50 minutes, the slab temperature reduced by 10% from 30°C to 27°C. Using cold water of less than 10°C, the temperature of the slab is decrease 19% wi using hot water, the temperature of the slab surface increased by 13% to 34°C. ___________________________________________________________________________This research is done to study the effect of water flowing inside a concrete panel to the temperature on the surface of the panel as a way to decrease or increase the temperature in a This is part of the effort addressing green building system. The objectives of this research are to discover the potential for green building material or technique in order By using specified size slab of 1500 mm × 500 mm with thickness of 125 mm, and using concrete grade M30 with embedded PVC pipes in the slab with inlet and outlet for flowing water. The result show that using tap water, in 50 minutes, the slab temperature reduced by 10% from 30°C to 27°C. Using cold water of less than 10°C, the temperature of the slab is decrease 19% with lowest temperature recorded is 22°C. While, by using hot water, the temperature of the slab surface increased by 13% to 34°C. By using specified size slab of 1500 mm × 500 mm with thickness ed PVC pipes in the slab with inlet and outlet for flowing water. The result show that using tap water, in 50 minutes, the slab temperature reduced by 10% from 30°C to 27°C. Using cold water of less than 10°C, the th lowest temperature recorded is 22°C. While, by using hot water, the temperature of the slab surface increased by 13% to 34°C.

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Small-scale blast tests were carried out to observe and measure the influence of sandy soil towards explosive blast intensity. The tests were to simulate blast impact imparted by anti-vehicular landmine to a lightweight armoured vehicle (LAV). Time of occurrence of the three phases of detonation phase in soil with respect to upward translation time of the test apparatus were recorded using high-speed video camera. At the same time the target plate acceleration was measured using shock accelerometer. It was observed that target plate deformation took place at early stage of the detonation phase before the apparatus moved vertically upwards. Previous data of acceleration-time history and velocity-time history from air blast detonation were compared. It was observed that effects of soil funnelling on blast wave together with the impact from soil ejecta may have contributed to higher blast intensity that characterized detonation in soil, where detonation in soil demonstrated higher plate velocity compared to what occurred in air blast detonation.