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Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain KVD-HR42 exhibiting growth and biosurfactant production with 1% molasses as the sole carbon source was isolated from oil contaminated mangrove sediments. Optimization of media conditions involving variations in carbon, nitrogen sources, amino acids, pH, temperature, and NaCl% were evaluated with the aim of increasing biosurfactant productivity and surface tension reduction (STR). The highest biosurfactant production of 4.83 g/L was obtained when cells were grown in mineral salts media (MSM) supplemented with 1% (w/v) molasses, NaNO 3 , and leucine 0.1% (w/v) at 35±2°C at 150 rpm after 48 h. The results obtained from kinetics study indicated that biosurfactant production, E 24 %, and rhamnose concentration were growth associated. However, maximum biosurfactant production occurred in the exponential growth phase and detected an increase in E 24 % and rhamnose concentration. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra confirmed the rhamnolipid nature of the biosurfactant. Stability studies revealed the thermostable activity of biosurfactant (110°C for 15 min) and could also withstand wide pH and NaCl ranges. Maximum oil biodegradation of 68% was achieved with 1% waste lubricant oil (WLO). The biosurfactant emulsified various hydrocarbons with varied efficiencies. However maximum E 24 % and E 48 % activity was exhibited with n-hexadecane (69.5 and 40%). The results reveal the potential of strain KVD-HR42 biosurfactant for the bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons in mangrove sediments.

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Sugar industrial effluents possess high amounts of toxic pollutants and contaminate the receiving sites. Treatment of contaminated sites by using microorganisms provides an alternate to conventional methods hence demands in the identification of metal tolerant microorganisms has been increasing day by day. Therefore in this study soil samples collected from Tanuku sugar factory residual effluent point (bank of Gosthani river), west Godavari district A.P were analyzed for the bacterial tolerance to Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn) and Lead (Pb) in their chloride forms. Additionally, the study was carried out to identify the metal tolerant bacteria by morphological, biochemical and 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies. Four potential bacterial isolates were selected to analyze metal tolerance against CuCl2, ZnCl2, and PbCl2. The sequences were compared with those in NCBI and submitted in gene bank with accession numbers MK100333 (Paenibacillus cookie), MK100334 (Bacillus cereus), MK100335 (Aneurini bacillus sp) and MK100387 (Paenibacillus sp.). A Phylogenetic tree was constructed to Paenibacillus sp. the highly efficient bacterial strain among the four isolates using MEGA 7 soft ware. The results of this study showed that P. dentritiformis had multiple metal tolerances (Cu, Zn and Pb) up to 500mg/L after 72 hrs.  The identified bacterial strain proved to be the strong heavy metal tolerant bacterial strain. Hence, its usage will be helpful in the treatment of heavy metals specifically Cu, Zn and Pb contaminated soils and further optimization of these cultures is required to improve its metal resistant capacity.

The in vitroantimicrobial properties of a series of N-methyl-3-aryl indazoles (5a-5j) were screened. In this present work, we describe our efforts towards the development of potent antimicrobial activity of synthesized indazole derivatives. The antimicrobial activities of the prepared compounds were investigated against four bacterial strains: Xanthomonas campestris, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, and a fungal strain Candida albicans. The biological evaluation studies of these indazole derivatives revealed that some of these tested compounds have shown moderate to goodin vitroantimicrobial activities.