. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap perubahan fisiologis (penyusutan bobot, persentase rimpang bertunas, tunas, kadar air, dan laju respirasi), serta viabilitas rimpang benih (daya tumbuh, tinggi, dan bobot kering bibit). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rimpang benih umur 7 dan 8 BST mempunyai daya simpan terbaik karena menghasilkan masing-masing total angka penyusutan bobot lebih rendah (24,65 dan 25,25%) dan tunas lebih pendek (0,30 dan 1,08 cm) dibandingkan dengan umur panen 9 BST (27,13% dan 1,62 cm), selama 4 bulan disimpan. Masa dormansi rimpang benih JPB mulai pecah setelah mengalami periode simpan 2 bulan. Pertumbuhannya mulai seragam setelah 3 bulan simpan. Umur panen jahe 7 dan 8 BST mempunyai derajat dormansi yang lebih tinggi dibanding 9 BST. Rimpang benih umur panen 7, 8, dan 9 BST mempunyai daya tumbuh tinggi (>95%) dan pertumbuhan bibit seragam setelah 3 bulan disimpan.Kata kunci: Zingiber officinale Rosc., penyimpanan, benih, perubahan fisiologis, viabilitas ABSTRACT One of the factors that determine the storability of seed rhizome of white big ginger (WBG) is quality. The quality is determined by the maturity levels of seed rhizome. The aim of the experiment was to observe the effect of harvesting time on physiological changes and seed viability of WBG seed rhizomes during the storage. The experiment was conducted at Green House and Seed Technology Laboratory of Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crops Research Institute, Bogor and Postharvest Laboratory, IPB, from July 2012 to February 2013. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with five replications. The treatments tested were three levels of WBG seed rhizome harvesting time: 7, 8, and 9 month after planting (MAP). Variables observed were physiological changes of seed rhizomes during the storage (weight loss, sprouting percentage, shoot height, respiration rate, and moisture content) and viability (growth ability, height, and dry weight of the seedling). The results showed that seed rhizomes at 7 and 8 had the best storability, since it was produced each low rate of weight loss (24.65 and 25.25%), and shoots shorter (0.3 and 1.08 cm) than 9 MAP (27.13% and 1.62 cm), for 4 months in storage. Dormancy of WBG seed rhizomes has been broken after 2 months in storage. Harvesting at 7 and 8 showed a degree of dormancy higher than the harvesting age 9 MAP. Harvesting time at 7, 8, and 9 MAP had high growth ability (> 95%) and uniform seedling growth after 3 months in storage.

<p>Jeruk keprok Borneo Prima (Citrus reticulata cv. Borneo Prima) merupakan komoditas lokal unggulan yang perlu dikembangkan sebagai upaya untuk mengurangi impor jeruk. Tanaman jeruk keprok Borneo Prima telah berumur 5 tahun, namun belum memasuki periode berbunga dan berbuah. Hal ini diduga karena kondisi lingkungan dan teknik budidaya yang belum sesuai. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mendapatkan teknik pelengkungan cabang dan dosis pupuk kandang yang tepat jeruk keprok Borneo Prima pada periode transisi di lahan rawa. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kebun jeruk petani Desa Padang Pengrapat, Kecamatan Tanah Grogot, Kabupaten Paser, Kalimantan Timur, di lahan rawa pada bulan Oktober 2013 sampai dengan Maret 2014, dengan rancangan acak kelompok faktorial dan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama ialah pelengkungan cabang dengan dua taraf, yaitu tidak dilengkungkan dan dilengkungkan. Faktor kedua ialah dosis pupuk kandang dengan empat taraf, yaitu 0, 40, 60, dan 80 kg/tanaman. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa pelengkungan cabang dapat menyebabkan tanaman jeruk keprok Borneo Prima yang berumur 5 tahun menjadi berbunga dan berbuah, sedangkan yang tidak dilengkungkan cabangnya tidak berbunga dan tidak berbuah. Selain itu pelengkungan cabang meningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif (jumlah tunas baru, total panjang tunas baru per pohon, dan total daun baru per pohon). Pemberian pupuk kandang sampai dengan 80 kg/tanaman pada periode transisi belum dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif dan generatif (jumlah bunga per cabang dan jumlah buah per cabang) sampai dengan 90 hari setelah perlakuan. Tidak terdapat interaksi antara pemberian pupuk kandang dan pelengkungan cabang terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif dan generatif. Bunga pertama muncul dari cabang atau tunas yang terletak di bagian dalam tajuk lalu diikuti tajuk yang terletak di luar. Untuk membungakan tanaman jeruk keprok Borneo Prima yang telah memasuki periode transisi atau pada periode transisi dapat dilakukan pelengkungan cabang.</p>

The Indonesian government has been promoting the use of true seed of shallot (TSS) for shallot production due to its higher productivity potentials and greatly reduced risk of disease transfer. This research was conducted at Leuwikopo experimental station, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University, West Java, Indonesia, in 2015. The aim of the research was to study TSS production from small size shallot sets “Bima Brebes”, an easy to flower shallot cultivar.  The trial was arranged in a completely randomized block design with two factors; BAP concentration i.e. 50, 100 150, 200 ppm as the first factor and the sizes of mother bulbs, i.e. small (3-4 g) and medium (5-10 g), as the second factor. The results showed that the vegetative growth of plants from the two bulb sizes were similar. TSS production and TSS quality from small size (3-4 g) bulbs was also comparable to that of medium size shallot set, except for 1000 seeds weight in which medium size mother bulb produced heavier 1000-seeds weight than that of small size shallot set. Therefore small size shallot set can potentially be useful for TSS production.

Abstract. Widiastuti A, Sobir, Suhartanto MR. 2010. Diversity analysis of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) irradiated by gamma-ray based on morphological and anatomical characteristics. Nusantara Bioscience 2: 23-33. The aim of this research was to increase genetic variability of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) irradiated by gamma rays dosage of 0 Gy, 20 Gy, 25 Gy, 30 Gy,35 Gy, and 40 Gy. Plant materials used were seeds collected from Cengal Sub-village, Karancak Village, Leuwiliang Sub-district, Bogor District, West Java. Data was generated from morphological and anatomical characteristics. The result indicated that increasing gamma-ray dosage had inhibited ability of seed to grow, which needed longer time and decreased seed viability. Morphologically, it also decreased plant height, stem diameter, leaf seizure, and amount of leaf. Anatomically, stomatal density had positive correlation with plant height by correlation was 90% and 74%. Gamma rays irradiation successfully increase morphological variability until 30%. Seed cleavage after irradiation increased variability and survival rate of mangosteen.

The fluctuative price of shallot in Indonesia is mainly due to discontinuous supply. Shallot is usually planted three times a year. Lack of supply occurs during July to October. Therefore, the produce need to be stored to ensure its availability during off season, not only for consumption but also as seed bulb for the following planting season. The research was aimed to maintain the quality of seed bulbs during twelve weeks storage and to evaluate productivity of the seed bulbs after storage. Shallot seed bulbs of Bima Brebes was used for the research that was devided into two steps. The first step was arranged in nested design, in which seed bulb was stored at 0 0C, 5 0C, 10 0C and ambient temperature nested into storage period i.e 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 weeks with four replications. The second step was evaluation of productivity of the seed bulbs that was arranged in nested design. The seed bulbs, after being stored at diferent condition, was subjected to different acclimatization treatments i.e. gradual increase of temperatures for 3 days and direct change to ambient temperature for one day, to devernalize the seed bulbs and replicated our times. The results showed that the dormant period of shallot seed bulbs lasted for 8 weeks after harvest (6 week after storage) as indicated by germination and vigor index of >90%. The termination of dormancy coincided with a rise in GA, IAA and cytokines as well as ABA. Storing the seed bulbs for 3 months in 5 0C could maintain its viability and vigor >90%, with 9.8% of total damage and 15.6% of weight loss. The seed bulbs grew normally and produced 30.2 g of bulb per plant. The percentage of flowering plant of gradually acclimatized seed bulbs previously stored at 5 0C (10.3%) was not significantly different from those directly acclimatized at ambient temperature (12%).Keywords: ABA, cytokinin, dormancy, GA, weight lossABSTRAKPenyebab utama fluktuasi harga bawang merah di pasar adalah ketersediaan umbi bawang merah yang tidak stabil. Di daerah sentra produksi, bawang merah ditanam tiga kali dalam setahun. Bulan Juli sampai Oktober adalah periode hasil panen rendah. Penyimpanan umbi merupakan salah satu upaya untuk menjamin ketersediaannya di luar musim panen, tidak hanya untuk konsumsi tetapi juga memastikan ketersediaan umbi sebagai benih pada musim tanam selanjutnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempertahankan kualitas benih umbi selama 12 minggu disimpan dan mengevaluasi produktivitasnya setelah penyimpanan. Bahan yang digunakan adalah benih umbi bawang merah varietas Bima Brebes. Penelitian dibagi dalam dua tahap. Tahap pertama adalah penyimpanan benih umbi dirancang dalam nested design yang mana benih umbi disimpan pada suhu 0 0C, 5 0C, 10 0C dan suhu ruang tersarang pada waktu penyimpanan yang terdiri atas 0, 3, 6, 9 dan 12 minggu dan diulang empat kali. Tahap kedua adalah evaluasi produktivitas benih umbi setelah disimpan dirancang dalam nested design. Umbi yang telah disimpan (12 minggu) pada masing-masing kondisi simpan diberi perlakuan aklimatisasi, yaitu suhu berjenjang (3 hari) dan suhu ruang langsung (1 hari), untuk mencegah pembungaan. Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak empat kali (ulangan tersarang pada aklimatisasi). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa benih umbi mengalami dormansi sampai 8 minggu setelah panen (6 minggu setelah simpan), ditandai dengan daya berkecambah dan indeks vigor di atas 90%. Berakhirnya dormansi benih umbi bersamaan dengan peningkatan kandungan giberelin, auksin, dan sitokinin mengimbangi peningkatan asam absisat. Penyimpanan benih selama 12 minggu pada suhu 5 0C dapat mempertahankan viabilitas dan vigor di atas 90% dengan kerusakan (umbi bertunas, chilling injury, hampa atau busuk) sebesar 9.8% dan susut bobot sebesar 15.6%. Setelah disimpan selama 12 minggu benih dapat tumbuh normal dan memproduksi 30.2 g umbi per tanaman. Aklimatisasi suhu berjenjang umbi benih yang telah disimpan pada suhu 5 0C menghasilkan persentase pembungaan (10.3%) yang tidak berbeda nyata dengan aklimatisasi suhu ruang langsung (12%).Kata kunci: ABA, dormansi, GA, sitokinin, susut bobot