The nesting ecology and conservation threats of the Lesser Adjutant (Leptoptilos javanicus) were studied in the Chitwan National Park, Nepal. We located nine nesting colonies during the nesting season. The number of nests was highly positively correlated with tree height, diameter at breast height and canopy cover. The uppermost canopy of the trees was the most preferred nesting place. Storks preferred to nest in compact colonies on large, widely branched trees with thin foliage cover, such as Bombax ceiba, and also nearby the foraging grounds such as wetlands and grasslands. Storks mostly preferred to nest in Bombax ceiba, but if this tree was not available, they nested in other trees, such as Shorea robusta, Ficus racemosa and Terminalia alata. During the breeding season, 180 adults, 76 nests and 88 chicks were recorded, where the highest number of chicks was recorded near the Sauraha area of the Chitwan National Park. Most of the colonies were far from human settlements, which suggest that human disturbance could be the major determinant of nesting habitat selection in this area. The wetlands nearby human settlements are either overexploited in terms of mass collection of the storks` prey species by people or disturbed highly due to presence of a large number of people. These empirical findings suggest that conservation of Lesser Adjutant mainly rely on the protection of mature Bombax ceiba trees and the reduction of human disturbance and of the collection of stork prey animals from foraging areas.

Biota dasar perairan merupakan fauna yang hidup di dasar perairan, baik di kawasan tawar, payau, maupun di perairan asin terutama di perairan  ekosistem mangrove. Tujuan penelitian adalah (1) Mengkaji jumlah  spesies biota dasar perairan masing-masing ekosistem mangrove yang terdapat pada masing-masing  perairan ekosistem mangrove di Kabupaten Aceh Jaya, dan (2) Menganalisis ekosistem mangrove yang paling dominan ditempati oleh spesies biota dasar perairan di Kabupaten Aceh Jaya. Penelitian dilakukan di ekosistem mangrove di Kabupaten Aceh Jaya, dan dilaksanakan  pada Bulan April dan Bulan Mei 2019. Penetapan kawasan penelitian dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling, dan pengambilan data menggunakan metode destruktif sampling. Jumlah spesies biota dasar perairan dianalisis secara deskriptif, sedangkan ekosistem mangrove yang didominansi oleh biota dasar perairan yang terdapat di Kabupaten Aceh Jaya  dianalisis dengan rumus indek dominansi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Jumlah spesies biota dasar perairan di masing-masing ekosistem mangrove Kabupaten Aceh Jaya berkisar antara 3 spesies sampai 10 spesies, dan (2) Indek dominansi ekosistem mangrove yang ditempati oleh biota dasar perairan berkisar antara 0,23 sampai 0,77,  yang tertinggi adalah  ekosistem mangrove Kecamatan Setia Bakti. dengan indek dominansi 0,77, dan  terendah adalah ekosistem mangrove Kecamatan Krueng Sabe dan Kecamatan Teunom dengan indek dominansi rata-rata 0,23.  Kesimpulan penelitian adalah (1) Jumlah spesies biota dasar perairan di ekosistem mangrove Kabupaten Aceh Jaya bervariasi, dan (2) Ekosistem mangrove yang paling dominan ditempat oleh biota dasar perairan di Kabupaten Aceh Jaya Provinasi Aceh adalah ekosistem mangrove dalam Kecamatan Setia Bakti.

Abstrak bisa dilihat di Lampiran

Abstrak bisa dilihat di Lampiran