Introduction: Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy (JME) is common idiopathic epilepsy manifested by myoclonic jerks that commonly noticed in early childhood without consciousness disturbance, then the generalised tonic -clonic overwhelms the scene, absence attacks are not uncommon. The prominent and cardinal EEG features of JME syndrome that supports the diagnosis is the generalized 3.5-6 Hz single, bifid and polyspikes slow-wave's complexes on normal brain background activity.

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Background: Epilepsy and seizure are one of the most common serious neurological disorders, and most patients either stop having seizures or less commonly die of them. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study targeting adult Sudanese patients was conducted in the EEG units of the department of physiology, faculty of medicine, and the National Ribat University. Recordings were obtained from a digital EEG machine (Medtronic pl-EEG). The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (Windows version 15; SPSS) was used for statistical analysis. The study's main objective was to determine the percentage of abnormal EEGs in adult Sudanese epileptic patients who were referred to the Ribat EEG unit from March 2007 to September 2010. Results: Nine hundred and fifty patients were included in this study, abnormal EEGs was seen in 54.7%, while it was normal was in 45.3%; primary generalized seizures constituted 45.5%, while focal onset seizures were collectively observed in 43.4%, other types of epilepsy counted for 11.2%. Conclusion: This study showed that males were more affected than females, abnormal EEG was maximal in the age group16–30 years. Epileptiform seizure discharges decrease with age, generalized seizure discharges were dominated seizure.

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Introduction: Migraine headache is characterized by certain clinical features that were compiled according to certain criteria set by the international headache society (IHS) so as to provide a standardized definition, diagnosis and classification of headaches for both clinical practice and research studies. Aims:The aim of this study is to determine the clinical characteristics of migraine in Sudanese families and whether they adhere to international criteria set by the IHS. Patients and Methods:Following the description of the clinically diagnosed index case, a detailed validated questionnaire based on the IHS was distributed to all family members affected as well as non-affected after giving an informed consent. The responding family members were then classified as migraineurs and nonmigraineurs after analysis of the questionnaire and confirmation of the diagnosis by two neurologists. Results:From the 175 subjects who agreed to participate (from twelve pedigrees) 107 were migraineurs (70.1% females, 29.9 % males). Both migraine with aura (MA) and migraine without aura(MO) co-exist in the same family and even in the same individual with the most common migraine type being MO (51.4%,N=55), followed by MA+MO (32.7%, N=35) and MA (15.9 %, N=17). Unilateral location, presence of nausea, photophobia and aggravation by exercise showed significant results (P value 0.000). Conclusions:The presentation of migraine headache showed results similar to that described by the HIS 2nd edition in most of the criteria and differed in others. Comorbidity with a number of diseases and migraine coexist.