In the past days, many consumers could simply unplug their appliances and go on holidays, assuming that their electricity meter would just stop. Standby power is a power consumed by an appliance when switched off or not performing its primary functions. Standby power consumption provides good oppourtunity for reducing both energy consumption and green house gas emissions. Through co-operation among governments, industry and consumers and the co-ordination of international policies, standby modes can be made more efficient, thereby reducing the overall demand for power. In this paper, standby power consumption of various domestic appliances was determined using an energy cost meter. The experimental results shows that the standby power of various house hold electrical appliances is consuming more electricity during standby mode.Electrical Energy is the basic necessity for the economic development of any country. Many functions in our present day living will grind to a halt when the supply of energy stops. The energy used per person has a close relationship with the standard of his/ her living. The greater the per capacity consumption of energy in a country, the higher the standard of living of its people, under the provision of Electricity Act (EC Act) In[1] Mohanty et al. presented energy efficiency of office equipment in commercial buildings. Mohanty et al. discussed the perspectives for standby power consumption in electrical appliances [2].Our country has taken several steps to mobilize the energy efficiency products in the market. Standby electricity is the energy consumed by appliances when they are not performing their main functions or when they are in standby mode. In [3] Alan Meier presented the importance of conservation of standby power for saving the energy consumed. The standby power consumption during night mode was highlighted in [4]. The energy wasted in this manner is commonly referred to as "standby loss" or "leakage electricity". The standard of living and the economic growth is purely based on how much energy produced, utilized and energy saved. Most people are not aware of the fact that modern electrical and electronic appliances, even those having on/off switches, consume power for standby functions. The number of products with standby power consumption is growing rapidly in both quantity and diversity. Several products commercialized in the market *

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In cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter, a variable frequency inverted sine PWM technique is modeled for hybrid electric vehicles. It has a particular advantage of increasing power which is achieved using series connection of H-bridge and also this topology is capable to produce superior spectral quality with considerable improvement of fundamental voltage. The variable frequency inverted sine PWM technique produces lesser torque ripple and enhances the fundamental output voltage mainly at lower modulation index ranges. The topologies of multilevel inverter are flying capacitor, diode clamped and cascaded inverter. In the paper, we will discuss about the cascaded multilevel inverter based on inverted sine PWM technique. The two switching strategies widely used to control multilevel inverters are constant frequency inverted sine PWM (CF-ISPWM) and variable frequency inverted sine PWM (VF-ISPWM). This implies that switch utilization substantially reduces 32.35% of the constant frequency inverted sine PWM switching technique. The performance of the technique is validated in terms of Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) and Torque ripple which significantly reduces when compared to constant frequency ISPWM. The analysis of conventional triangular PWM inverter and inverted sine PWM inverter using constant and variable switching scheme is done in MATLAB Simulink and verified experimentally by FPGA Spartan 3E processor.

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In this paper is to explain the unbalance electric scenario in the Power System. To explain how unbalance condition is one of the most important problems associated with power quality and creates several disturbances to the Power System. It includes the Harmonic reduction techniques to improve the power quality and it also includes the simulation for the same. This project presents a multilevel inverter topology suitable for the generation of 3 phase supply. A simple and fast carrier based Direct-torque control with pulse width modulation (PWM) scheme is also proposed for the topology which utilizes only the sampled amplitudes of the reference wave for the PWM timing computation. Individual independent inverter is combined to form the three phase output. Because of the loads are specific and it can be varied.