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Wastes from the aluminium industry such as red mud from the alumina refinery, fly ash from the captive power plant and spent pot lining from the smelter, have been successfhlly converted into glass-ceramic products. The process involves addition of a small quantity of glass former along with traces of nucleating agents to aid crystallization, to a specific mixture of red mud, fly ash and spent pot lining, followed by melting at around 1300°C and vitrification by cooling. The resultant glass is then converted into a glass-ceramic by a suitable heat treatment at around 700 -750°C. The glass-ceramic products show excellent wear resistance, besides possessing an aesthetic appearance. The major application foreseen for such products is as decorative tiles in the building industry.

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Thin layer chromatography ( TLC) of cobalt and nickel has been performed on silica gel layers induced with alkali mediated cellulose extract. A novel combination of 10% aqueous solutions of Tween-20 and potassium thiocyanate in 1∶ 1 ( v / v) was identified as the best mobile phase for the selective separation of Co 2 + from Ni 2 + on the impregnated Silica Gel G layers. The chromatographic characteristics of the cations were studied and the limits of detection as well as the limits of quantification for Co 2 + and Ni 2 + were determined. The quantitative estimation of the cations was achieved from the digital image analysis of respective chromatograms.The proposed quantitative method was successfully applied with 0 -0． 50% error for the determination of Co 2 + from Ni 2 + in spiked samples of bauxite, soil and rock containing common cations such as Al 3 + , Fe 2 + , Ti 4 + , Zn 2 + , Mn 2 + , Cu 2 + , Cr 6 + , Mg 2 + , etc. under the optimized chromatographic conditions.

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