The article provides a comparative analysis of the legislation on food safety in the European Union (EU) and in the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEC). Participation of national producers in global trade is limited by the different national requirements and regulations relevant to the exports and imports of food products. A new technical regulation system is being developed within the framework of the EAEC, with the aim of regulatory harmonization with international requirements. In this respect, a comparison of the requirements of EU food legislation and the EAEC to food safety is of particular interest. Within EAEC the work has been actually completed with the participation of Kazakhstan on unification of technical regulation system particularly in the food industry with other countries of the Russian Federation and Belarus.