Очерчен круг методологических проблем в отечественной историографии этнонациональной политики. Анализируются тенденции изменения предметной области исследований, определяемые сменой научных парадигм, включением современных этнических процессов в контекст генезиса государственных институтов, политических, социально-экономических и культурных процессов и идеологических конструктов. Предложено качественное изменение предметного поля интеграционных исследований на стыке истории, этнографии, этнологии, социологии, политологии и культурологии. Ключевые слова: национальная политика; методология; методика; этносоциальная обстановка; этнологические экспертизы; историческое мифотворчество.

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The article considers the problem of national self-determination among the autochthonous peoples of Russia as a component of the ethnopolitical processes of the late 1980s and early 1990s. The relevance is determined by the need to study the manifested ethnic interests, inter-ethnic tension and separatist tendencies that have passed from a latent state to an open form among a number of autochthonous peoples. On the basis of comparative analysis, research of archival documents of state, departmental, personal archives and historiographical data, general trends and regional specifics of Khakas, Adygs, Shapsugs, Shors, and Teleuts are revealed. The ethno-political processes on which the ideas of national self-determination were based include the growth of ethnic consciousness, “the politicization” of ethnicity, the change of ideological paradigms, the institutional activity of national elites, the formation of national revival programs, and myth-making. The author reveals the significant commonality of myths (“search for the enemy,” “loss” of national culture and other theses) and differences based on the historical and ethnic memory of each nation. Special attention is paid to the problem of autonomy. It was seen as an emerging component in attempts to implement the idea of national self-determination. The experience of normalization of social relations was considered in the analysis of the tactics used by national elites in achieving political goals, decisions made by regional authorities, and the reaction of various segments of society.

Проанализированы социокультурная и экономическая составляющие интеграционных процессов в среде автохтонных (субэтносов черкесов / адыгов) и переселенческих групп населения Причерноморья в инфраструктуру России во второй половине ХIХпервой трети ХХ в. Методологически статья опирается на историко-генетический метод (компаративный анализ по хронологическим срезам). На основе воспоминаний современников и вводимых в исторический оборот архивных данных сделаны выводы о преемственности интеграционных процессов. Выявлена специфика этих процессов в 1920-1930-е гг., проявившаяся в формировании этноконтактной зоны, выстраивании в местах компактного проживания русских и этнических меньшинств иерархически соподчиненной системы управления, корреляции курса «коренизации» и раскрытии рекреационного потенциала региона. Ключевые слова: интеграция; коренизация; черкесы / адыги; шапсуги; миграция; Сочинское Причерноморье; межэтническое взаимодействие.

The article is devoted to the study of the "Circassian Mejlis" (1861-1863). This social institution "Circassian Mejlis" in regional historiography is considered as a representative body of power of the subethnos of the Adygs (Ubykhs, Shapsugs and others) - the autochthonous population of the Black Sea coast of the 19th century. A scientific criticism of the concepts presented in regional historiography and the Internet, in which the Mejlis is considered as a state authority, is given. Based on the structural-functional and comparative analysis of historiographic sources, facts and judgments about the reasons for the formation, structure and functions of this social institution are generalized. The signs of ethnosocial and axiological approaches to the analysis of ethnopotestary processes in the border zones of southern Russia at the end of the 19th century are revealed. It is noted that the content of the administrative-territorial and social reform proposed by the Majlis is of high importance in the ethnic history of the Adyghe sub-ethnic groups of the Western Caucasus as one of the stages in the formation of institutions of state power. The possibilities of integrating social institutions formed by subethnos of the Western Caucasus into the structure of the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Port in the middle of the 19th century are considered. The focus is on the genesis of the Mejlis as a social institution was a vivid indicator of the processes of ethnopoliti-cal consolidation that determined the specifics of regional national and confessional policy in the transboundary zone of southern Russia during the imperial period.