The paper shows the results of many years of experience in breeding low-growing clonal apple rootstocks at Michurinsky State Agrarian University. The relevance of the introduction of digital technologies at all stages of the breeding process from the formation of a data bank for the selection of parental pairs to research in the garden of the competitive study of rootstock-varietal combinations is shown. The apparatus and software for specific research stages are proposed. It is found that the developed methodology and digital technologies make it possible to significantly reduce the time of the breeding process, achieve the intended results faster and more efficiently and most fully reveal the genetic potential of breeding achievements.
The effect of new biologically pure organic fertilizers, Dia Guma and Gumi Turf, on the yield and quality of grape seedlings on nutrient-poor soils has been studied. The positive effect of silicon - organic fertilizer Dia Gum in combination with the growth stimulator Zircon on the survival rate of shanks, the formation of the aboveground part and the root system of plants is shown (the survival rate of shanks in relation to the control (pure water) increases almost 2 times from 36 to 70%, the diameter of growth - from 4.3 to 7 mm, total growth - from 32 to 54 cm, the volume of the root system - from 15 to 25 cm3). The use of peat - sapropel concentrate Gumi Peat in combination with the growth stimulator Zircon, according to the results of the yield and quality of the planting material, is close to the use of Dia Guma + Zircon. These fertilizers allow to a greater extent to biologize the process of growing planting material in the nursery.
Currently, import substitution, the presence of domestic quality products on the market, including alcoholic beverages, is an urgent direction in the food industry The technical grape variety "Isabella" is one of the most widespread in the Central Black Earth Region (CBER). The purpose of the work is to popularize the culture of wine consumption and saturate the food market of the CBER with high-quality wine materials and finished products. Objects of research were: five samples of the technical grape variety "Isabella" grown in different territories of the Voronezh, Belgorod, Lipetsk regions of the CBER: five samples of wine prepared from the above raw materials by the «red» method. When collecting grape raw materials, they were guided by the conditions of sugar content and acidity. The processing of grapes, the production of wine materials and finished wine was carried out according to the technological scheme for red table wine. As a result, the possibility of using the technical grape variety "Isabella" grown in the CBER is shown. The conditions of all five samples of grapes corresponded to the standards adopted in the wine production. According to the basic physico-chemical parameters, the obtained wine samples corresponded to the standards adopted for ordinary red semi-sweet wines. The evaluation of wine samples according to the indicator "Quantitative determination of trans-resveratrol" revealed a sample containing trans-resveratrol - a sample of wine № 4 obtained from grapes of the variety "Isabella" growing in the Lipetsk region, the city of Gryazi, Gryazinsky district. The content of trans-resveratrol in it was 0.143 mg/dm3. Resveratrol, having antioxidant activity, is of the greatest interest among biomolecules with nutraceutical properties in red wine. The separation and identification of trans-resveratrol was carried out using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with a detector on a diode matrix (DAD-3000 model, Thermo Scientific). The calibration curve was constructed using a standard sample at increasing concentrations. Further development of research are: to develop the technology of terroir wine, which differs from other wines produced in other geographical latitudes with appearance, taste, aroma, which will be formed due to the influence of external factors.
High-quality planting material is a condition for increasing productivity and labor productivity in the cultivation of agricultural products. High-quality planting material is material that is free from harmful pathogens. The process of plant healing requires significant time and material costs. However, with the proper organization, plant healing can be significantly accelerated and cheapened. The main condition for accelerating this process is maximum automation and digitalization of all stages of clonal micropropagation. The article shows the results of many years of work on the cultivation of healthy planting material. Variants of possible improvement of planting stock recovery are proposed with the introduction of the necessary hardware and software at specific stages of recovery and reproduction.
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