Goal. To study the effect of Urea on the properties of working solutions of emulsions and suspensions of chemical and microbiological drugs in plant protection against pests. Methods. Information-analytical analysis of the effectiveness of joint use of insecticides with Urea. Laboratory experiments on the effect of Urea on: evaporation of droplets from the treated surface; surface tension; reaction of the medium of suspensions and emulsions of working solutions of chemical and microbiological preparations. To do this, in aqueous solutions of insecticides and biological products in concentrations recommended for use in field crops, was added 0.2% aqueous solution of Urea. After a certain period of time, the characteristics of the solutions were determined. An analytical generalization of the change in the properties of working solutions under the influence of urea is carried out. Results. The information on the possibilities of joint use of insecticides and microbiological preparations with Urea in a single technological process is generalized. Their combination leads to a significant reduction in the evaporation of solution droplets from the treated surface, but does not affect the surface tension and reaction of the solutions. Conclusions. Urea is an active anti-evaporator of working solutions of insecticides of various nature. Adding it to the solutions of evaporation of drops from the treated surface reduces more than 1.5 times. It does not significantly affect the surface tension and reaction of the solution. This characteristic of the solutions is maintained for 24 hours after preparation.

Goal. Substantiate the use of environmentally friendly means of protecting peas with modern technologies of crop cultivation. Methods. Field, laboratory, mathematical-statistical, calculation. Results. The relationship between the spread of diseases and the main environmental factors (temperature and humidity, atmospheric precipitation) during the growing season of plants has been investigated. The terms and norms of processing with biological products and their effectiveness have been established. Methodological recommendations have been developed for the use of environmentally friendly means of protection, which are based on the use of biological preparations in pea agrocenoses and in the production of organic products. Conclusions. In agrocenoses of peas, the use of biological plant protection products for the production of organic products is recommended.

Goal. Improving the methodology for assessing the toxicity and potential safety of insecticides for the honey bee. Methods of determining the toxicity of insecticides for bees — laboratory and field. Laboratory experiments determine the toxicity of insecticides for bees, and field experiments determine the degree of danger of drugs at the concentrations used in production, with the establishment of the terms of detoxification in plants and the nature of the danger for insects. To evaluate the gastric and combined toxicity of insecticides, the principle of group feeding of bees with poisoned feed was used. Contact toxicity of insecticides was assessed using the etched screen method. Results. A methodology for studying the toxicity of insecticides is proposed. It provides an opportunity to study the contact, gastric and total toxicity of insecticides for the honey bee (Apis mellifera L.). Experiments were conducted to study the toxicity of biological preparations for honey bees. The speed and duration of the toxic effect of insecticides and their repellent activity on bees were established. The method of processing material for toxicological studies has been improved. Methods for calculating the toxicity criteria of insecticides have been developed. Conclusions. Improved methods of determining the contact, gastric (oral) and combined poisoning of honey bees with chemical preparations are given, and the method of assessing the level of toxicity of insecticides for insects is improved.

Goal. To substantiate and develop an anti-resistant system of protection of crops and perennials from harmful arthropods. Methods. The sensitivity of phytophages on natural populations collected on winter wheat, soybean, and rapeseed crops was determined by various methods of their poisoning: immersion of insects on inhabited plants, immersion of insects in gauze bags for 3 seconds. in a suitable solution of insecticide. The methods are based on the study of the pest’s response to a series of doses of the drug — from the minimum, causing mortality of 5—10% of normal-sensitive individuals, to the maximum (mortality of 90% or more). Toxicological parameters were calculated using the PROBAN program. Results. Different sensitivity of natural populations of arthropods to modern insecticides is revealed. Techniques for the rational use of insecticides populations and the use of alternative biological and immunological methods. Conclusions. An effective measure to prevent and inhibit the formation of resistant populations of harmful arthropod species to insecticides is an anti-resistant plant protection system. It includes monitoring the resistance of natural populations of harmful phytophagous species, identifying the type of resistance and the rational use of chemicals.