The authors demonstrate that it is possible to identify the epidural space by an acoustic and visible signal. An experimental setup constructed for this purpose makes the epidural puncture procedure audible and visible.

No abstract

patients. The mean time from the administration of the rocuronium to the administration of the reversal drug was 62 ± 18 minutes (range, 46 to 119 min). Every patient (n = 18) had a TOF of <2 so all received 4 mg/kg sugammadex with a mean dose of 304 ± 62 mg (range, 200 to 400 mg). The average time to reach a TOF ratio of Z90% was 86 seconds (95% confidence interval, 69-104 s); this is a faster mean time than has been reported in nonpregnant patients. Sore throat was reported by 6 patients, and nausea and vomiting was reported by 3 patients during the 12 to 24 hours period.The mean onset time with the administration of rocuronium in this study was similar to that reported in nonpregnant patients. The mean onset times of succinylcholine (1.0 mg/kg) and rocuronium (1.2 mg/kg) were similar, and administration of sugammadex reversed rocuronium blockade more quickly than the offset time of succinylcholine. The authors believe that further prospective controlled studies to compare rocuronium/sugammadex and succinylcholine for RSI during general anesthesia for cesarean delivery should be conducted.