IntroductionThe aim of our study was to explore the major non-communicable risk factors (unhealthy diet, sedentarily, alcohol consumption) of smokers and nonsmokers in workplaces.MethodsA cross-sectional study was derived from an initial assessment in workplaces which was part of a community-based intervention to prevent chronic disease risk factors conducted in 2009 in the region of Sousse, Tunisia. The surveyed subjects were employees in six factories spread across three delegations in the region. Overall, 1770 of 2250 employees participated in the assessment. In this study, the clustering of non-communicable diseases risk factors with smoking habits was made only for male employees including in this study 1099 among 2250. Data were collected at worksites by a questionnaire, via interview or self-report. The main items assessed socio-demographics characteristics, smoking status, eating habits, level of physical activity and alcohol use of the participants.ResultsThe percentage of male smokers was 54.0%(n=594). Their average age of daily smoking initiation was 19.22 (±4.24 years). The percentage of male smokers consuming 5 fruits and vegetables per day was significantly lower than nonsmokers (57.2% vs 63.5%, p=0.04). The proportion of male smokers consuming alcohol was about three times that of nonsmokers (16.5% vs 5.8%, p=0.001). The proportion of male employees who agree with anti-smoking laws in work places was higher for nonsmokers than for smokers.ConclusionA strong association existed between smoking and risky lifestyles factors in the work place. Such findings are potentially useful in directing intervention efforts regarding smoking cessation in occupational settings.

Introduction: Little research has been devoted to preschool obesity prevention in Tunisia. Our purpose was to evaluate feasibility and effects of an intervention program for preschoolers, parents and kindergarten staffs aiming to increase the proportion of children doing physical activity and those with balanced eating habits. Methods:We carried out a quasi-experimental intervention study with two groups: A control group and an intervention group. The participants were preschoolers aged 4 to 5 years, their parents and the kindergarten staffs. The sample size to select children was based on a significance level of α=5% and a power 1-β=80% and 10% change in physical activity practice and balanced eating habits. In each group, we made a pre-post assessment of diet and physical activity habits. The intervention consisted in a multidimensional lifestyle intervention with training sessions, workshops, tournaments and educative supports. Data analysis was stratified according to socioeconomic status.Results: At baseline, 270 and 269 preschoolers composed respectively the intervention and control groups. At the post-assessment, the number increased to respectively 347 and 230 preschoolers in intervention and control groups. In the intervention group, 52.9% of the mothers and 56.5% of the fathers were executive versus 37.1% and 43.5% respectively in the control group. In the intervention group, the proportion of children with balanced eating habits had significantly increased between baseline and post-assessment for both executive parents. The proportion of preschoolers doing physical activity outdoors the kindergarten was improved among executive mothers and fathers in the intervention group without significant change. In the control group, there was an increase observed only for executive fathers. Conclusion:Significant changes of physical activity habits and diet characteristics were obtained in the intervention group unlike the control group. The socioeconomic status seems to be determinant in guiding intervention program.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of multiple risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) among manufacturing employees in Sousse, Tunisia and to determine factors associated with this clustering. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of CVD risk factors in workplaces and their clustering. We used data from a workplace-based intervention which took place in six companies of the governorate of Sousse in Tunisia, Tunisia. Results: A total of 2113 employees were surveyed. The prevalence of having four or five risk factors tended to be higher among male employees, those with higher education level and those who were part of managerial staff. Conclusion: Screening and targeted health promotion initiatives should be launched in worksite targeting the modifiable factors to avert the excessive risk for CVD.

Methods Newly diagnosed 252 consecutive PD patients were included and followed as part of an ongoing PD registry. PD was diagnosed according to the United Kingdom brain bank diagnostic criteria. 79 PD patients fulfilled the DSM-IV criteria for major depression. The UPDRS motor score was checked at the best "on" period to assess the clinical severity of PD. We compared the clinical data between depressive (DP, n¼79) and non-depressive (NDP, n¼173) groups. Results The prevalence rate of depression in PD was 31.3% in this study. There was no difference in age (DP: 62.362.5, NDP: 59.862.7 yrs), age of disease onset (DP: 52.063.7 yrs, NDP: 54.763.8 yrs), UPDRS motor scores (DP: 36.265.6, NDP: 33.863.7) and Hoehn and Yahr stage (DP: 3.3460.52, NDP: 2.9160.63) between two groups. Conclusion There was no significant difference in clinical features between DP and NDP groups in this study. These results suggest that depression in PD is not influenced the severity of motor symptoms and that non-dopaminergic neurotransmitters, such as norepinephrine and acetylcholine, at least associated with the pathophysiology of depression in PD. Throughout the world, and particularly in Tunisia, children are becoming overweight and obese at progressively younger ages. Our purpose was to evaluate the effects of a school intervention program to promote healthy nutrition and physical activity among adolescents, in terms of behaviours and intention. Methods It was a quasi experimental intervention study with two groups: control and intervention group with pre-post evaluation of nutrition and physical activity intention and behaviour in each group. The target population was composed with students aged 12e16 years schooled in colleges of Sousse in Tunisia. To evaluate the intervention, a sampling was used to include 2200 students who participated to the questionnaire. All the students of intervention group received a standardised program with information about healthy nutrition and physical activity. An Arabic pre-tested and auto-administered questionnaire was used to assess nutrition and physical activity intention and behaviour before and after the intervention. Results The intervention group's posttest intention and behaviour were significantly higher than the control group's posttest. Concerning "healthy behaviours", in the intervention group, children improved significantly their vegetable intake. It passed from 45.4% to 56.8% (p<0.001). The proportion of children who practice 5 days per week physical activity for at least 30 min a day increased significantly from 23% to 44% (p<0.001). Conclusion School based intervention to promote healthy diet and physical activity is benefit and important at the middle age to prevent obesity and cardiovascular disease risk factors. SP1-46