No abstract

Physicians took part in the promotion of public policies that regulated urban and architectural work, before engineers, architects, planners, and even before the State had a chance to take part in the formulation of such policies. Starting in the late nineteenth century, and especially during the first decade of the twentieth century, the State began to lead on the issue of hygiene and public health. This paper focuses on the role of these professionals, who generated debates within their respective disciplines, or provided -as ministries, public servants or consultants- technical knowledge to the central government. These debates are still relevant for two reasons. First, they serve as reminders of the way in which the voice of these professionals was crucial not only within their respective disciplines, but also in order to place the issue of hygiene and public health on the agenda and to promote public policies related to the urban environment and its population. Secondly, these debates represent a challenge to current planners, as this historic context provides insight on the complex relationship between public health and planning, which hitherto has received little attention.

This article examines the role of school infrastructure in the development of two important massive diseases for the Chilean case: Smallpox, a disease that infested the country a hundred years ago; and obesity, the main current nutritional problem. The revision of the development of both diseases in school environments allows for the analysis of the relation between city and health. The relevance of this relationship goes beyond a determined historical context. This study suggests that these diseases, despite their different contexts, are understood in a common line that allows tracing them in specifi c situations.

santiago de chile: instituto de estudios urbanos y territoriales, pontificia universidad católica de chile, 2013 Como ensayo ilustrado con un recorrido por la literatura latinoamericana, Modernización urbana en América Latina. De las grandes aldeas a las metró-polis masificadas es un estudio comprensivo cuya contribución se centra justamente en las tres partes de su título: latinoamericana; y un arco temporal metrópolis masificadas. ¿Cuáles son las formas materiales y las representaciones, las concepciones y los en el periodo examinado por el autor? de un proyecto de renovación burguesa, issn impreso 0250-7161 | issn digital sido más visitado en la historiografía -tales. Adhiriendo a la tesis de Romero, -guesías criollas en el proceso moderni--grandes aldeas, situadas en el contexto de las reformas liberales y progresistas de mediados del siglo xix, hasta incluir las ciudades masificadas de mediados del siglo siguiente, como ámbito en el -vol  | n o  | enero  | pp. - | reseñas | ©EURE

The material conditions of the city offer evidence of socio-territorial segregation. When sanitary measures to control the spread of COVID-19 were applied, those conditions made the extent of segregation in Santiago evident. Thus, the city, neighborhood, and housing scales open possible points of analysis to better understand the care crisis at the territorial level, where segregation and mutual support have been its main characteristics.M ore than a year after the beginning of the pandemic in Chile, there is a consensus that its multiple dimensions, both social and urban, go beyond strictly epidemiological and sanitary variables. Among others, these include the importance of social relationships of care and the spaces in which they materialize. On the one hand we observe an exacerbation in the communication towards self-care and the individualization of different sanitary control measures. However, there is evidence of a collective scale and a socio-territorial geography of reciprocity, in which different forms of local social support has configured a new perspective in building communities and their neighborhood environment with important distinctions in gender.Neighborhoods and housing experience new uses, perceptions, and practices. Although these occur in a context that amplifies the traditional socio-spatial inequalities that existed before the pandemic, they also exhibit particularities that are specific to their location in the city (in relation to furnishing, accessibility, and identity). These acquire another meaning and importance within the context of the pandemic,